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Development of a Microfluidics-Based Approach for Investigating Microtubule Polymer Mechanics
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Fast diffusion-limited lyotropic phase transitions studied in situ using continuous flow

Sebastian With1, Martin Trebbin, Christian B A Bartz

  • 1Physical Chemistry I and ‡Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth , Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|September 13, 2014
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Summary

Continuous flow microfluidics and X-ray scattering enable millisecond studies of lyotropic phase transitions. Amphiphilic block copolymers rapidly self-assemble into micelles and ordered lattices, directly reaching equilibrium structures.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Lyotropic phase transitions are crucial in self-assembly processes.
  • Studying fast transitions requires high time-resolution techniques.
  • Amphiphilic block copolymers exhibit complex self-assembly behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply a method for in situ study of fast diffusion-limited lyotropic phase transitions.
  • To investigate the self-assembly sequence of amphiphilic block copolymers.
  • To elucidate the kinetics and pathways of disorder-order transitions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing continuous flow microfluidics for rapid concentration changes.
  • Employing microfocus small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) for structural analysis.
  • Generating large concentration gradients via hydrodynamic flow-focusing.

Main Results:

  • Observed millisecond self-assembly of block copolymers into micelles via spinodal microphase separation.
  • Documented a disorder-order transition into an FCC liquid-crystalline phase.
  • Demonstrated shear-induced domain orientation into a mesocrystal.
  • Confirmed direct pathway to equilibrium structure without metastable states.

Conclusions:

  • Continuous flow microfluidics coupled with SAXS is effective for studying fast self-assembly.
  • The studied system rapidly forms ordered structures, bypassing metastable states.
  • This method provides insights into kinetics of lyotropic phase transitions in soft matter.