Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion01:17

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

1.9K
Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the respiratory system, this...
1.9K
Carbon Dioxide Transport in the Blood01:19

Carbon Dioxide Transport in the Blood

6.7K
Carbon dioxide (CO2) transport in the blood is critical to human physiology. On average, our body cells produce around 200 mL of CO2 per minute, precisely the quantity expelled by the lungs. This process involves the transportation of CO2 from the tissue cells to the lungs in three primary forms.
Forms of CO2 Transport
1. Dissolved in plasma: A small percentage (7-10%) of CO2 is transported and dissolved directly in the plasma.
2. Carbaminohemoglobin: Just over 20% of CO2 is chemically bound to...
6.7K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies01:27

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies

3.3K
Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
Medical History
3.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

COVID-19 vaccination uptake and risk of severe COVID-19 disease among those in, and released from, prison care in Scotland: a national cohort and case-control study.

The International journal on drug policy·2025
Same author

Nasal irrigation as an alternate method to monitor airway microbiology in cystic fibrosis.

Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society·2025
Same author

Use of nebulised tranexamic acid in adult patients with cystic fibrosis: A retrospective audit.

Respiratory medicine·2025
Same author

Evaluation of risk-based travel policy for the COVID-19 epidemic in Scotland: a population-based surveillance study.

BMJ open·2024
Same author

Prevalence and impact of persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers: A cross-sectional survey in the SIREN cohort.

The Journal of infection·2024
Same author

Correction: Referral for Cardiac Amyloidosis in Patients Who Underwent Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Results of the Quality Outcome Project.

Cureus·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 24, 2026

The Use of an Automated System GreenFeed to Monitor Enteric Methane and Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Ruminant Animals
11:02

The Use of an Automated System GreenFeed to Monitor Enteric Methane and Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Ruminant Animals

Published on: September 7, 2015

22.1K

Equine total carbon dioxide testing in Illinois in 2012.

Brendan Heffron1, Marc Benoit2, Jennifer Bishop2

  • 1Animal Forensic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 2242 West Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA bheffron@uic.edu.

Journal of Analytical Toxicology
|September 14, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Racehorses may develop acidemia from strenuous exercise. This study validates a method to measure plasma total carbon dioxide (TCO2), finding physiological and environmental factors significantly impact TCO2 levels, potentially indicating doping.

More Related Videos

Fecal Glucocorticoid Analysis: Non-invasive Adrenal Monitoring in Equids
08:02

Fecal Glucocorticoid Analysis: Non-invasive Adrenal Monitoring in Equids

Published on: April 25, 2016

9.1K
Measuring Carbon-based Contaminant Mineralization Using Combined CO2 Flux and Radiocarbon Analyses
11:19

Measuring Carbon-based Contaminant Mineralization Using Combined CO2 Flux and Radiocarbon Analyses

Published on: October 21, 2016

12.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 24, 2026

The Use of an Automated System GreenFeed to Monitor Enteric Methane and Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Ruminant Animals
11:02

The Use of an Automated System GreenFeed to Monitor Enteric Methane and Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Ruminant Animals

Published on: September 7, 2015

22.1K
Fecal Glucocorticoid Analysis: Non-invasive Adrenal Monitoring in Equids
08:02

Fecal Glucocorticoid Analysis: Non-invasive Adrenal Monitoring in Equids

Published on: April 25, 2016

9.1K
Measuring Carbon-based Contaminant Mineralization Using Combined CO2 Flux and Radiocarbon Analyses
11:19

Measuring Carbon-based Contaminant Mineralization Using Combined CO2 Flux and Radiocarbon Analyses

Published on: October 21, 2016

12.5K

Area of Science:

  • Equine Sports Medicine
  • Clinical Chemistry
  • Analytical Toxicology

Background:

  • Prolonged strenuous exercise in racehorses can lead to acidemia.
  • Blood alkalizing agents are used to counteract acidemia by increasing plasma pH and total carbon dioxide (TCO2) concentration.
  • Accurate measurement of TCO2 is crucial, with an administrative threshold of 37.0 mmol/L in Illinois.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a validated method for measuring TCO2 levels in equine plasma using the Beckman UniCel DxC 600.
  • To determine the uncertainty associated with TCO2 measurements.
  • To investigate physiological and environmental factors affecting TCO2 concentrations in racehorses.

Main Methods:

  • A validated method using Beckman UniCel DxC 600 with a six-point calibration curve (5-50 mmol/L) and controls.
  • Uncertainty determination using the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement approach (3% at 99.7% confidence).
  • Analysis of covariance to assess correlations between TCO2 levels and factors like gender, breed, Lasix® status, strong ion concentration, collection time, and track location.

Main Results:

  • Data collected from 5,199 race samples (134 Thoroughbred, 5,065 Standardbred) with an overall mean TCO2 of 30.5 ± 2.0 mmol/L.
  • Gender, breed, furosemide status, collection time, and track location were strongly correlated with TCO2 levels (P < 0.0001).
  • TCO2 concentrations were highly correlated with sodium and chloride ion concentrations (P < 0.0001), but not potassium.

Conclusions:

  • The validated method provides accurate TCO2 measurements in equine plasma with low uncertainty.
  • Several physiological and environmental factors significantly influence TCO2 concentrations in racehorses.
  • Strong ion concentrations, particularly sodium and chloride, are highly correlated with TCO2, suggesting potential for doping detection.