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Related Concept Videos

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

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Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
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Genomics02:02

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Evolution of Microbial Genome01:08

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Microbial genome evolution is a highly dynamic process shaped by continual gene gain and loss across species and strains. This genomic flexibility allows microorganisms to adapt rapidly to environmental pressures and interactions with other organisms. Central to understanding this diversity is the distinction between the core and pan genomes.The core genome comprises the genes shared by all sampled strains of a species, representing essential functions needed for fundamental cellular processes.
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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

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The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information
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Integrating genomics into evolutionary medicine.

Juan Antonio Rodríguez1, Urko M Marigorta2, Arcadi Navarro3

  • 1Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC-PRBB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
|September 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Evolutionary medicine integrates evolutionary biology with genomics to understand disease origins. Challenges in linking health and fitness, and predicting traits from genes, require new approaches for this field.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genomics
  • Medicine

Background:

  • Evolutionary biology principles offer insights into disease's ultimate causes.
  • A comprehensive integration of medical genomics and evolutionary medicine is still lacking.
  • Existing applications show the benefits of combining these fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review successful integrations of evolutionary biology and medical genomics.
  • To identify key challenges hindering the development of evolutionary genomic medicine.
  • To propose new approaches for advancing the field.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and case studies.
  • Analysis of publicly available data.
  • Identification and discussion of major obstacles.

Main Results:

  • The combination of evolutionary biology and genomics has yielded valuable insights.
  • Two primary obstacles identified: dissociation between fitness and health, and genotype-phenotype prediction difficulties.
  • Publicly available data illustrate these challenges.

Conclusions:

  • New methodologies are essential for the advancement of evolutionary genomic medicine.
  • Overcoming the identified obstacles will facilitate a more mature field.
  • Further research is needed to bridge the gap between evolutionary theory and clinical practice.