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Racial differences in poststroke rehabilitation utilization and functional outcomes.

Charles Ellis1, Andrea D Boan2, Tanya N Turan3

  • 1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC.

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
|September 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Blacks and whites had similar rehabilitation use after stroke, but Black individuals reported less independence in daily activities and driving one year later. Further research is needed to understand these disparities.

Keywords:
Ethnic groupsRehabilitationStroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Stroke rehabilitation is crucial for functional recovery.
  • Racial disparities in healthcare access and outcomes are well-documented.
  • Understanding post-stroke functional independence by race is essential for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate racial differences in stroke rehabilitation utilization.
  • To examine racial disparities in functional outcomes one year after stroke.
  • To identify potential inequities in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) performance.

Main Methods:

  • An observational follow-up study was conducted at a designated stroke center.
  • 162 stroke survivors (106 white, 56 black) were surveyed at one year post-stroke.
  • A 20-question measure assessed activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), life participation, and driving.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in rehabilitation utilization were found between Black and white participants.
  • Black individuals were less likely to report independence in overall function, toileting, walking, transportation, laundry, and shopping.
  • Black stroke survivors reported less independence in driving at the one-year follow-up.

Conclusions:

  • Despite similar rehabilitation use, Black individuals reported lower functional independence in ADLs and IADLs post-stroke.
  • Racial disparities in functional outcomes persist even when controlling for stroke severity.
  • Further research is required to elucidate the underlying reasons for these reported functional disparities.