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Targeting the C-type lectins-mediated host-pathogen interactions with dextran.

Sergey Pustylnikov1, Divya Sagar, Pooja Jain

  • 1Group of Molecular Biology Research, Novosibirsk Tuberculosis Research Institute, Novosibirsk, Russia. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences : a Publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe Canadienne Des Sciences Pharmaceutiques
|September 17, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dextran, a glucose polymer, can block pathogen interactions with human receptors like DC-SIGN. This offers new antimicrobial strategies for treating infections such as HIV and hepatitis.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Dextran, an α-1,6-linked glucose polymer, is widely used in biology and medicine.
  • While often considered inert, dextran interacts with specific human receptors involved in immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review dextran's cellular uptake, receptor specificity, and potential for interfering with pathogen-lectin interactions.
  • To explore dextran's utility in developing novel antimicrobial strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of existing literature on dextran-receptor interactions.
  • Review of studies on dextran's role in modulating immune responses and infection outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Dextran binds to human receptors including DC-SIGN, L-SIGN, mannose receptor (CD206), and langerin.
  • These receptors are involved in pathogen uptake and immune response modulation, sometimes benefiting pathogens.
  • Dextran and its derivatives can interfere with these interactions, potentially improving infection outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Dextran is a promising molecule for developing lectin-glycan interaction blockers, such as DC-SIGN inhibitors.
  • These inhibitors could be applied to treat diseases like tuberculosis, influenza, hepatitis B/C, and HIV/AIDS.
  • Understanding dextran-lectin interactions is crucial for future applications in biological research and medicine.