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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

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In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

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Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

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Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

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Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
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Validation of a Psychosocial Intervention on Body Image in Older People: An Experimental Design
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Validation of a Psychosocial Intervention on Body Image in Older People: An Experimental Design

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Obesity in older persons.

J Woo1

  • 1Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
|September 17, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obesity risks are lower in older adults, with higher body weight potentially protective for those with chronic conditions. Weight loss programs for seniors should incorporate resistance exercises to prevent muscle loss.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Obesity Medicine
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Traditional obesity indicators like BMI may be less accurate in older adults due to age-related muscle mass loss.
  • Existing research suggests that higher body weight can be protective in older individuals, particularly those with chronic diseases or frailty.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent literature (2013-2014) on obesity indicators, risks, and weight management in the elderly.
  • To examine the specific benefits and adverse effects of weight loss interventions for older populations.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of publications from 2013 to March 2014.
  • Analysis of studies addressing obesity indicators, health risks, and weight management in older adults.

Main Results:

  • Body Mass Index (BMI) is a less reliable obesity indicator in older adults due to decreased muscle mass.
  • Increased adiposity may be protective for older individuals with chronic diseases or geriatric syndromes.
  • Sarcopenic obesity (decreased muscle mass with increased fat) is linked to adverse outcomes, though definitions vary.
  • Intentional weight loss in older adults yields benefits but risks muscle and bone loss.

Conclusions:

  • The health risks associated with obesity are reduced in older age; mild adiposity may be beneficial for frail individuals or those with chronic illnesses.
  • Weight loss programs for older adults must include resistance training to mitigate muscle loss and preserve function.