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Related Concept Videos

Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy01:20

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To be visualized by an electron microscope, either transmission or scanning, biological samples need to be fixed (stabilized) so the electron beam does not destroy them and dried thoroughly (desiccated/dehydrated) so the vacuum does not affect them. Fixation needs to be done as quickly as possible because the sample properties will start changing as soon as it is removed from its natural environment. For example, in a tissue sample, the oxygen levels begin decreasing, causing an altered...
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Electrodeposition is a technique used to separate an analyte from interferents by electrochemical processes. Here, the analyte is a metal ion that can be deposited on an electrode immersed in the sample solution. The electrochemical setup consists of an anode and a cathode. When an electric current is applied to the setup, oxidation occurs at the anode. At the cathode, which consists of a large metal surface, metal ions undergo reduction and deposit onto the surface.
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A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface features of a sample by using an electron beam that scans the sample surface in a two-dimensional manner. Typically, areas between ~1 centimeter to 5 micrometers in width can be imaged. SEM can be used to image bacteria, viruses, tissues as well as larger samples like insects. Conventional SEM gives a magnification ranging from 20X to 30,000X and spatial resolution of 50 to 100 nanometers.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

A Continuous-flow Photocatalytic Reactor for the Precisely Controlled Deposition of Metallic Nanoparticles
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Gold complexes for focused-electron-beam-induced deposition.

W F van Dorp1, X Wu, J J L Mulders

  • 1Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|September 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Two gold complexes, [ClAu(III)Me2]2 and MeAu(I)(PMe3), are effective precursors for focused electron beam induced deposition, yielding gold-containing deposits. Other tested complexes were unsuitable due to vacuum dissociation.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • Focused electron beam-induced deposition (FEBID) is a nanofabrication technique.
  • Developing new precursors is crucial for advancing FEBID capabilities.
  • Gold deposition via FEBID offers unique electronic and catalytic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate four gold complexes as precursors for FEBID.
  • To determine the suitability of gold complexes based on volatility and deposition yield.
  • To analyze the composition of deposited gold nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

  • Testing four gold complexes: [ClAu(III)Me2]2, ClAu(I)(SMe2), ClAu(I)(PMe3), and MeAu(I)(PMe3).
  • Utilizing focused electron beam-induced deposition (FEBID) for material deposition.
  • Analyzing deposit composition using techniques like energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) (implied).

Main Results:

  • [ClAu(III)Me2]2 and MeAu(I)(PMe3) demonstrated volatility and yielded gold-containing deposits (29-41% and 19-25% gold, respectively).
  • Electron beam interaction with [ClAu(III)Me2]2 primarily incorporated methyl ligands into the deposit.
  • MeAu(I)(PMe3) incorporated at least one methyl group into the deposit.
  • ClAu(I)(SMe2) and ClAu(I)(PMe3) were unsuitable due to dissociation in vacuum.

Conclusions:

  • [ClAu(III)Me2]2 and MeAu(I)(PMe3) are promising precursors for gold FEBID.
  • Ligand incorporation during FEBID is dependent on the precursor's chemical structure.
  • Further research can optimize these precursors for enhanced gold deposition.