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Contribution of symptom clusters to multiple sclerosis consequences.

Shahnaz Shahrbanian1, Pierre Duquette, Ayse Kuspinar

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada, shahnaz.shahrbanian@mail.mcgill.ca.

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This study identified three clusters of multiple sclerosis (MS) symptoms: emotional/cognitive, physical, and motor. These clusters significantly impact MS consequences like walking ability and quality of life.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease characterized by a wide range of symptoms.
  • Understanding symptom relationships is crucial for effective MS management.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated the clustering of MS symptoms and their impact on disease consequences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify symptom clusters among individuals with MS.
  • To compare the contribution of these symptom clusters to MS-related consequences, including functional walking capacity, perceived health, illness intrusiveness, and quality of life (QOL).

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study design.
  • Recruitment of 139 women and 49 men with MS from three Montreal clinics.
  • Utilized hierarchical and K-means cluster analyses on self-report and performance-based measures of symptoms and MS consequences.

Main Results:

  • Three distinct symptom clusters were identified: emotional/cognitive (depression, anxiety, cognitive impairment, irritability), physical (pain, fatigue, sleep disorders), and motor (spasticity, poor balance).
  • The motor symptom cluster strongly influenced functional walking capacity.
  • Physical and emotional/cognitive clusters significantly predicted illness intrusiveness and QOL, while all clusters affected perceived health status.

Conclusions:

  • The identified symptom clusters provide a framework for healthcare professionals to target co-occurring symptoms in MS patients.
  • Understanding the differential impact of symptom clusters on MS consequences can guide treatment prioritization for improved patient outcomes.