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Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
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Longitudinal growth and post-discharge mortality and morbidity among extremely low birth weight neonates

Kanya Mukhopadhyay1, Deepak Louis, Gagan Mahajan

  • 1Neonatal Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India Correspondence to: Dr Kanya Mukhopadhyay, Additional Professor (Neonatology), Department of Pediatrics, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160 012, India. kanyapgi@gmail.com.

Indian Pediatrics
|September 18, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) neonates show significant growth deficits by 2 years corrected age. Despite improvements, many remain malnourished, with notable mortality and re-admission rates in the first year.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Growth and Development
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) neonates face long-term health challenges.
  • Post-discharge outcomes for ELBW infants require ongoing monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the growth, mortality, and morbidity of ELBW neonates up to 2 years corrected age.
  • To identify persistent growth abnormalities in this vulnerable population.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal tracking of weight, length, and head circumference using WHO growth charts.
  • Calculation of malnutrition indicators including underweight, stunting, microcephaly, and wasting.
  • Follow-up at corrected ages 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 months.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements in Z-scores for weight, length, and head circumference were observed between 3 and 24 months.
  • A substantial percentage of ELBW infants remained malnourished at 2 years corrected age.
  • Mortality was 11% and re-admission rates reached 44% within the first year.

Conclusions:

  • ELBW neonates exhibit persistent significant growth retardation at 2 years corrected age.
  • Close monitoring and intervention are crucial for managing long-term outcomes in ELBW survivors.
Abstract

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