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Updated: Apr 23, 2026
07:31
Image Acquisition using Portable Sonography for Emergency Airway Management
Published on: September 28, 2022
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Sonographic signs of snakebite.
R Vohra1, C Rangan, R Bengiamin
1UCSF Fresno Medical Center, California Poison Control System , Fresno, CA , USA.
Clinical Toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|September 18, 2014
Summary
Ultrasound imaging complements physical exams for crotaline snakebites, revealing subcutaneous edema and deeper tissue integrity. This technique aids in understanding local snakebite effects and assessing envenomation severity.
Area of Science:
- Medical imaging
- Toxicology
- Emergency medicine
Background:
- Crotaline snakebites are typically evaluated using serial external examinations.
- Correlation between external findings and ultrasound imaging changes was investigated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To correlate external physical examination findings with ultrasound imaging observations in patients with rattlesnake envenomation.
- To assess the utility of ultrasound in evaluating local effects of snakebites.
Main Methods:
- Prospective, observational study of consecutive rattlesnake envenomations.
- Inclusion of clinical data, external examination, and ultrasound imaging (tissue edema, fluid collections, muscle fasciculations).
- Utilized a water-bath technique for detailed examination of finger injuries.
Main Results:
- Ultrasound findings were consistent with external examinations in 13 patients.
- Subcutaneous tissue edema was the most common sonographic finding.
- Deeper muscle layers were spared in cases of rapidly progressive leg swelling; tendon involvement was visualized in finger bites.
Conclusions:
- Ultrasound imaging offers a more comprehensive understanding of local snakebite effects.
- Normal deeper muscle integrity can be documented with ultrasound, even in cases of significant edema.
- Further research is needed to define the full capabilities of bedside ultrasound in snakebite assessment.
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