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Internal jugular vein thrombosis complicating disseminated tuberculosis in a 2-year-old child

Sarthak Das1, Rangan Srinivasaraghavan1, Sriram Krishnamurthy1

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India.

BMJ Case Reports
|September 20, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Internal jugular vein thrombosis in children, often linked to cancer or infections, can now be associated with tuberculosis. Early diagnosis and treatment with antitubercular drugs and warfarin led to full recovery in a pediatric case.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Vascular Thrombosis
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Internal jugular vein (IJV) thrombosis is a critical pediatric condition.
  • Commonly associated with malignancies, central venous catheters, infections, or trauma.
  • No prior cases linked IJV thrombosis to tuberculosis in children.

Observation:

  • A 2-year-old child presented with IJV thrombosis.
  • The child exhibited clinical signs of disseminated tuberculosis.
  • The case highlights a novel association between IJV thrombosis and pediatric tuberculosis.

Findings:

  • Complete resolution of IJV thrombosis symptoms occurred.
  • Treatment involved antitubercular drugs and warfarin.
  • This suggests a potential link between tuberculosis and IJV thrombosis.

Implications:

  • Recommends routine tuberculosis screening for pediatric IJV thrombosis.
  • Suggests considering tuberculosis in cases with mediastinal mass or lymphadenopathy.
  • Broadens the differential diagnosis for pediatric IJV thrombosis.

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