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Cell membrane-mimicking coating for blood-contacting polyurethanes.

Beata Butruk-Raszeja1, Maciej Trzaskowski2, Tomasz Ciach2

  • 1Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland b.butruk@ichip.pw.edu.pl.

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This study enhanced polyurethane blood compatibility using phosphatidylcholine coating. The modified material significantly reduced protein adsorption and platelet adhesion, improving safety for blood-contacting medical devices.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Medical Device Engineering

Background:

  • Polyurethanes (PUs) are widely used in blood-contacting implants.
  • Their surfaces can trigger adverse biological responses, limiting their clinical application.
  • Developing biocompatible surface modifications is crucial for implantable devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple surface modification technique for polyurethanes.
  • To improve the hemocompatibility of polyurethanes for blood-contacting implants.
  • To evaluate the blood compatibility of phosphatidylcholine-modified polyurethanes.

Main Methods:

  • Polyurethane surfaces were modified with soybean-derived phosphatidylcholine (PC) using a one-step dip coating method.
  • Blood compatibility was assessed through static and flow-simulated contact with human blood.
  • Key parameters evaluated included fibrinogen adsorption, platelet adhesion and activation, hemolysis, and plasma recalcification time.

Main Results:

  • Phosphatidylcholine modification led to a significant, over three-fold reduction in fibrinogen adsorption compared to unmodified PU.
  • PC-modified surfaces exhibited substantially reduced platelet adhesion and activation after blood contact.
  • Post-shear stress tests showed over 70% of platelets remained free in blood exposed to PC-coated materials, versus 28% for unmodified PU.

Conclusions:

  • The one-step dip coating of polyurethanes with phosphatidylcholine is an effective method for enhancing blood compatibility.
  • PC-modified polyurethanes demonstrate improved resistance to protein fouling and platelet activation.
  • These findings suggest potential for improved performance and safety of blood-contacting implants made from PC-modified polyurethanes.