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Acoustic detection, tracking, and characterization of three tornadoes
William Garth Frazier1, Carrick Talmadge1, Joseph Park1
1National Center for Physical Acoustics, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|September 20, 2014
Summary
Scientists analyzed infrasonic acoustic data from three Oklahoma tornadoes. They found that lower frequencies in the tornado
Area of Science:
- Acoustics
- Tornado Science
- Atmospheric Physics
Background:
- Tornadoes generate infrasound and acoustic signals.
- Understanding tornado acoustics can improve detection and characterization.
Purpose of the Study:
- Analyze infrasonic acoustic data from tornadoes.
- Determine the feasibility of using acoustic data for tornado detection and intensity estimation.
Main Methods:
- Recorded acoustic data using sensor arrays at varying distances from tornadoes.
- Applied beamforming techniques to infrasonic data for accurate bearing.
- Analyzed power spectral density changes in the 10-100 Hz band.
- Utilized a mathematical model of aeroacoustic turbulence.
Main Results:
- Accurate tornado bearings were obtained using infrasound beamforming.
- Significant changes in power spectral density were detected at practical distances.
- A mathematical model showed good agreement with observed tornado power spectra.
- An inverse relationship was observed between peak frequency and tornado intensity.
Conclusions:
- Infrasonic acoustic data can be used for tornado detection and bearing.
- Further research with denser sensor arrays may improve accuracy.
- Acoustic analysis offers potential for real-time tornado intensity estimation.
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