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Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Lateral Root Inducible System in Arabidopsis and Maize

Lateral Root Inducible System in Arabidopsis and Maize

Published on: January 14, 2016

Shoot-derived cytokinins systemically regulate root nodulation.

Takema Sasaki¹, Takuya Suzaki¹, Takashi Soyano²

¹1] Division of Symbiotic Systems, National Institute for Basic Biology, Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan [2] Department of Basic Biology in the School of Life Science of the Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan.

Nature Communications

|September 20, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Legumes control root nodule formation using long-distance signals. This study reveals that shoot-derived cytokinins act as a key signal, suppressing further nodulation to maintain symbiotic balance.

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Last Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Lateral Root Inducible System in Arabidopsis and Maize

Lateral Root Inducible System in Arabidopsis and Maize

Published on: January 14, 2016

Generation of Composite Plants in Medicago truncatula used for Nodulation Assays

Generation of Composite Plants in Medicago truncatula used for Nodulation Assays

Published on: March 27, 2011

Plant Promoter Analysis: Identification and Characterization of Root Nodule Specific Promoter in the Common Bean

Plant Promoter Analysis: Identification and Characterization of Root Nodule Specific Promoter in the Common Bean

Published on: December 23, 2017

Area of Science:

Plant Biology
Molecular Biology
Symbiotic Interactions

Background:

Legumes form symbiotic relationships with rhizobia for nitrogen fixation, requiring precise regulation of nodule numbers.
Long-distance signaling between roots and shoots controls nodule development in legumes.
A proposed pathway involves root-derived CLE peptides signaling to shoots, which then produce a shoot-derived inhibitor (SDI) to suppress nodulation.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify the shoot-derived inhibitor (SDI) involved in regulating legume nodule number.
To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the long-distance control of symbiosis in legumes.
To understand how legumes balance nitrogen acquisition with energy costs.

Main Methods:

Investigated the role of CLE-RS1/2 peptides and HAR1 receptor kinase in signaling pathways.
Analyzed the production and transport of shoot-derived compounds affecting nodulation.
Utilized gene expression analysis (LjIPT3) and physiological assays in Lotus japonicus.

Main Results:

CLE-RS1/2-HAR1 signaling activates the production of shoot-derived cytokinins.
Cytokinins function as a shoot-derived inhibitor (SDI) that systemically suppresses nodulation.
LjIPT3, regulated by HAR1, is crucial for cytokinin production in shoots, with evidence of shoot-to-root cytokinin transport.

Conclusions:

Cytokinins are essential components of the long-distance signaling pathway that regulates legume nodule numbers.
This discovery refines our understanding of the symbiotic balance between legumes and rhizobia.
The findings highlight the role of plant hormones in mediating nutrient acquisition strategies.