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Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Isolating Central Nervous System Tissues and Associated Meninges for the Downstream Analysis of Immune cells
Published on: May 19, 2020
Perspectives on meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin
Joan R Coates1, Nicholas D Jeffery2
1Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, 900 East Campus Drive, Clydesdale Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Abstract:
Meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin (MUO) is a heterogeneous group of overlapping central nervous system inflammatory diseases of unknown cause. This article highlights the current understanding of MUO and its phenotypic variants encountered in clinical practice. Diagnostic evaluation of presumptive MUO includes lesion distribution on magnetic resonance imaging and ruling out other acquired diseases. Recent evidence provides further knowledge of immune-mediated processes that underlie the pathogenesis of MUO. Current empiric treatment options include corticosteroids and other adjunctive immunomodulating therapies. As the understanding of neuroimmunology and genetic influences on these disorders evolves, a more targeted treatment approach is becoming attainable.
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