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Related Concept Videos

Development of the Lymphatic System01:15

Development of the Lymphatic System

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The development of lymphatic tissues and vessels in embryonic life begins around the fifth week. These structures originate from the mesoderm layer, with lymph sacs emerging from developing veins.
The first lymph sacs to form are the paired jugular lymph sacs located at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. From these sacs, lymphatic capillary plexuses extend to the thorax, upper limbs, neck, and head, eventually forming lymphatic vessels. Each jugular lymph sac maintains a...
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Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport01:16

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Lymphatic vessels, known as lymphatics, are crucial in transporting lymph from peripheral tissues to our venous system. This process begins with lymph entering through tiny capillaries that branch through tissues. These capillaries have unique features such as larger diameters, thinner walls, and a distinctive one-way valve system formed by overlapping endothelial cells.
This one-way system allows fluids, solutes, and even pathogens to enter but prevents their return to the intercellular...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Isolation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells by Multi-parameter Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting
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Lymphatic malformations: diagnosis and management.

Ravindhra G Elluru1, Karthik Balakrishnan2, Horacio M Padua3

  • 1Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Dayton Children׳s Hospital, One Childrens Plaza, Dayton, Ohio 45404-1815.

Seminars in Pediatric Surgery
|September 22, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Lymphatic malformations are benign vascular lesions originating from lymphatic system development issues. This review covers their etiology, epidemiology, treatments, and comorbidities for mass lesions.

Keywords:
Congenital anomaliesLymphatic malformationsSclerotherapySurgeryVascular anomalies

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Malformations
  • Embryology
  • Pediatric Surgery

Background:

  • Lymphatic malformations (LMs) are congenital vascular anomalies stemming from lymphatic system development errors.
  • They present as a spectrum of lesions, including macrocystic, microcystic, or combined types, often affecting the head and neck.
  • LMs can lead to significant cosmetic deformity and functional impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of lymphatic malformation mass lesions.
  • To discuss the etiology, epidemiology, treatment strategies, and associated comorbidities of LMs.
  • To differentiate LMs from other related lymphatic system disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on lymphatic malformation mass lesions.
  • Synthesis of information on etiology, classification, and clinical presentation.
  • Compilation of current treatment modalities and management guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Lymphatic malformations are classified based on cyst size (macrocystic, microcystic, combined).
  • Commonly found in the head and neck, LMs can occur anywhere in the body.
  • Lesions can cause both structural deformation and functional deficits.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the etiology and classification of LMs is crucial for effective management.
  • Multidisciplinary approaches are often required for optimal treatment outcomes.
  • Further research into novel therapeutic strategies for lymphatic malformations is warranted.