Transverse testicular ectopia: a rare presentation with persistent Müllerian duct syndrome

Undescended testes can be found in the inguinal channel or in the abdomen. Rarely, undescended testes can present with transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) and very rarely, with residual Müllerian duct (MD) structures. This latter presentation is called persistent MD syndrome (PMDS). PMDS is mostly discovered during surgery for inguinal hernia or cryptorchidism. TTE is a rare congenital anomaly in which both testes descend through a single inguinal canal. Patients with TTE present with symptoms of unilateral cryptorchidism and contralateral inguinal hernia. Herein, we report two TTE cases: one associated with PMDS and the other having only cross ectopia. For patients with inguinal hernia and cryptorchidism associated with TTE, PMDS should be kept in mind and radiologic evaluation with ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging of the genitourinary system and karyotyping are recommended. Radiologic evaluation can be helpful in the diagnosis of TTE; however, it cannot diagnose the malignancy itself. Laparoscopy is very useful for both diagnosis and treatment of TTE.