Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Applications of Integration to Find Consumer Surplus01:29

Applications of Integration to Find Consumer Surplus

26
In microeconomics, consumer surplus represents the economic gain that consumers experience when they purchase a good or service for less than the highest price they are willing to pay. This surplus arises from the characteristics of the demand function, which links the quantity of a good to the price consumers are willing to pay. As the quantity of a good increases, the price that consumers are willing to pay for each additional unit typically decreases, resulting in a downward-sloping demand...
26
Trophic Efficiency00:46

Trophic Efficiency

25.0K
Trophic level transfer efficiency (TLTE) is a measure of the total energy transfer from one trophic level to the next. Due to extensive energy loss as metabolic heat, an average of only 10% of the original energy obtained is passed on to the next level. This pattern of energy loss severely limits the possible number of trophic levels in a food chain.
25.0K
Second Law of Thermodynamics00:53

Second Law of Thermodynamics

67.7K
The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that entropy, or the amount of disorder in a system, increases each time energy is transferred or transformed. Each energy transfer results in a certain amount of energy that is lost—usually in the form of heat—that increases the disorder of the surroundings. This can also be demonstrated in a classic food web. Herbivores harvest chemical energy from plants and release heat and carbon dioxide into the environment. Carnivores harvest the...
67.7K
Absorption of Nutrients01:19

Absorption of Nutrients

2.8K
Absorption refers to taking dietary nutrients from the intestinal lumen for transportation throughout the body. After digestion in the small intestine, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are broken down into simpler forms. These essential macronutrients and other vital substances, such as vitamins, minerals, and water, are then prepared for absorption into the bloodstream.
Enterocytes, which are specialized polar epithelial cells, line the mucosa of the small intestinal walls. These cells...
2.8K
Key Elements for Plant Nutrition02:35

Key Elements for Plant Nutrition

24.0K
Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the...
24.0K
Gibbs Free Energy and Thermodynamic Favorability02:23

Gibbs Free Energy and Thermodynamic Favorability

8.0K
The spontaneity of a process depends upon the temperature of the system. Phase transitions, for example, will proceed spontaneously in one direction or the other depending upon the temperature of the substance in question. Likewise, some chemical reactions can also exhibit temperature-dependent spontaneities. To illustrate this concept, the equation relating free energy change to the enthalpy and entropy changes for the process is considered:
8.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The toll of tobacco: smoking-attributable health spending in South Korea, 2014-2024. National claims evidence for cost recovery.

The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific·2026
Same author

Comparative performance of risk prediction models for kidney disease: an external validation using 0.5 million UK Biobank participants.

BMC nephrology·2026
Same author

Adverse selection or beneficial selection in dual western medicine-traditional Chinese medicine insurance markets.

Social science & medicine (1982)·2026
Same author

How to do (or not to do)… asset mapping in community health.

Health policy and planning·2026
Same author

The effect of healthy lifestyles and social determinants on independent life expectancy and sex differences in China: evidence from a 13-year cohort study.

The Lancet. Public health·2025
Same author

The impact of investing in private clinics and pharmacies on modern contraceptive uptake: an agent-based model of a segmented market.

BMC health services research·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Author Spotlight: Understanding Riverine Nitrogen Impacts and Primary Productivity for Effective Nutrient Management
05:04

Author Spotlight: Understanding Riverine Nitrogen Impacts and Primary Productivity for Effective Nutrient Management

Published on: July 14, 2023

729

Generalized Nutrient Taxes Can Increase Consumer Welfare.

David Bishai1

  • 1Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Health Economics
|September 23, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This study proposes a nutrient-based tax and subsidy system to combat obesity. Such a system could improve public health and welfare by targeting fattening nutrients, potentially without changing food prices.

Keywords:
fat taxfoodobesity

More Related Videos

Quantification of Macronutrients Intake in a Thermogenetic Neuronal Screen using Drosophila Larvae
07:24

Quantification of Macronutrients Intake in a Thermogenetic Neuronal Screen using Drosophila Larvae

Published on: June 11, 2020

4.1K
Methods for Presenting Real-world Objects Under Controlled Laboratory Conditions
06:54

Methods for Presenting Real-world Objects Under Controlled Laboratory Conditions

Published on: June 21, 2019

6.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Author Spotlight: Understanding Riverine Nitrogen Impacts and Primary Productivity for Effective Nutrient Management
05:04

Author Spotlight: Understanding Riverine Nitrogen Impacts and Primary Productivity for Effective Nutrient Management

Published on: July 14, 2023

729
Quantification of Macronutrients Intake in a Thermogenetic Neuronal Screen using Drosophila Larvae
07:24

Quantification of Macronutrients Intake in a Thermogenetic Neuronal Screen using Drosophila Larvae

Published on: June 11, 2020

4.1K
Methods for Presenting Real-world Objects Under Controlled Laboratory Conditions
06:54

Methods for Presenting Real-world Objects Under Controlled Laboratory Conditions

Published on: June 21, 2019

6.3K

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Economics
  • Public Health Policy
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Calorie labeling alone may not prevent weight gain due to nutrients that stimulate appetite.
  • Information gaps regarding nutrient-specific effects on weight necessitate alternative policy interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel tax and subsidy system based on specific nutrients rather than food items.
  • To explore conditions under which such a system could enhance societal welfare and reduce obesity.

Main Methods:

  • Economic modeling of a nutrient-based tax and subsidy system.
  • Analysis of welfare implications under specific economic assumptions (e.g., inferior goods, low administrative costs).

Main Results:

  • A nutrient tax and subsidy system could potentially increase welfare by curbing unwanted weight gain.
  • This system might maintain stable retail food prices under certain economic conditions.

Conclusions:

  • A nutrient-based fiscal policy is a viable alternative to traditional food labeling for managing weight.
  • Further research on nutrient price elasticity, satiety effects, and total calorie intake is crucial for practical implementation.