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Human rhinovirus infection in children with cystic fibrosis

Susanna Esposito1, Valeria Daccò, Cristina Daleno

  • 1Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico.

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases
|September 23, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Human rhinovirus (HRV) is common in children with cystic fibrosis (CF), particularly during pulmonary exacerbations. HRV-A appears to have a greater impact on CF patients experiencing exacerbations than other HRV types.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric pulmonology
  • Virology
  • Respiratory medicine

Background:

  • Cystic Fibrosis (CF) affects multiple organs, primarily the lungs.
  • Respiratory viral infections are common in CF patients and can trigger pulmonary exacerbations.
  • Human rhinovirus (HRV) is a frequent respiratory pathogen.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and impact of respiratory viruses, specifically HRV, in pediatric patients with CF.
  • To identify the dominant HRV species and subtypes in CF patients with and without acute pulmonary exacerbation.

Main Methods:

  • Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 78 pediatric CF patients (47 with acute exacerbation, 31 stable).
  • Samples were tested for 17 different respiratory viruses using molecular methods.
  • Statistical analysis was performed to compare virus detection rates and clinical conditions.

Main Results:

  • Human rhinovirus (HRV) was the most frequently detected virus in both exacerbation (21.3%) and stable (12.9%) CF patients.
  • HRV-A was the predominant HRV species identified in patients with pulmonary exacerbations.
  • No specific HRV-A subtypes showed a higher prevalence in exacerbating patients.

Conclusions:

  • Respiratory viruses, especially HRV, are frequently detected in pediatric CF patients.
  • HRV-A may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary exacerbations in CF.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the clinical implications of HRV infections in CF.

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