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Hymenobacter roseus sp. nov., isolated from sand.

Y Subhash1, Ch Sasikala2, Ch V Ramana1

  • 1Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad 500 046, India.

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
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Summary

A novel bacterium, Hymenobacter roseus sp. nov. strain JC245(T), was identified from a sand sample. This Gram-negative bacterium exhibits unique physiological and genetic traits, distinguishing it as a new species within the Hymenobacter genus.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacteriology
  • Phylogenetics

Background:

  • The genus Hymenobacter, belonging to the Cytophagaceae family within the phylum Bacteroidetes, comprises Gram-negative bacteria with diverse ecological roles.
  • Characterization of novel bacterial species is crucial for understanding microbial diversity and ecological functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize a novel bacterial strain, designated JC245(T), from a sand sample.
  • To determine the taxonomic affiliation of strain JC245(T) using polyphasic characterization, including phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genotypic analyses.
  • To propose a new species within the genus Hymenobacter.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and cultivation of bacteria from sand samples.
  • Gram staining, biochemical tests (catalase, oxidase, hydrolysis of casein, chitin, gelatin, starch).
  • Fatty acid methyl ester analysis, polar lipid profiling, hopanoid analysis, carotenoid analysis.
  • Genomic DNA G+C content determination.
  • 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.
  • DNA-DNA hybridization for relatedness studies.

Main Results:

  • Strain JC245(T) presented as dark pink, Gram-negative cells with positive catalase and oxidase activities, and hydrolyzed casein.
  • Major fatty acids included iso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 3-OH, C16:1ω5c, C16:1ω6c/C16:1ω7c, anteiso-C17:1 B/iso-C17:1 I, and iso-C17:0 3-OH.
  • Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences placed strain JC245(T) within the genus Hymenobacter, showing 98.3% similarity to Hymenobacter roseosalivarius AA-718(T).
  • DNA-DNA hybridization revealed a relatedness of 21±2% with H. roseosalivarius DSM 11622(T), indicating it is a distinct species.
  • The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 52.5 mol%.

Conclusions:

  • Strain JC245(T) possesses distinct morphological, physiological, and genotypic characteristics that differentiate it from previously described Hymenobacter species.
  • Based on the polyphasic taxonomic data, strain JC245(T) is proposed as a novel species, Hymenobacter roseus sp. nov.
  • The type strain of this new species is JC245(T) (=KCTC 42090(T) =LMG 28260(T)).