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Drug toxicity: Drug–Drug Interaction01:30

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Drug–drug interactions can precipitate toxicity through multiple mechanisms. Absorption interactions alter how drugs enter the body, exemplified when ranitidine increases the absorption of basic drugs, while cholestyramine decreases the levels of propranolol. Protein binding interactions occur when drugs share the same binding sites on plasma proteins. Drugs like aspirin and warfarin, when bound in excess, can lead to increased free drug concentrations, enhancing the potential for...
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Interference leads to systematic error in atomic absorption (AA) measurements by enhancing or diminishing the analytical signal or the background. These interferences can be grouped into three main categories: spectral interference, chemical interference, and physical interference.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
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Ranitidine interference with standard amphetamine immunoassay.

Li Liu1, Sarah E Wheeler1, Jacqueline A Rymer2

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|September 23, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ranitidine can cause false positive amphetamine test results on the Beckman Coulter AMPH assay, but not on the Siemens EMIT II Plus assay. This ranitidine interference is independent of reagent ratios.

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Chemistry
  • Immunoassay Technology
  • Drug Testing

Background:

  • Investigated potential false positive amphetamine results observed with the Beckman Coulter AMPH assay.
  • Clinical review suggested ranitidine as a potential interfering substance in AMPH assays.

Discussion:

  • Analyzed urine specimens spiked with ranitidine across a range of concentrations (5μg/ml to 5mg/ml).
  • Evaluated the impact of varying sample-to-reagent ratios on both AMPH and EMIT II Plus assays.
  • Determined ranitidine interference threshold for the AMPH assay at 160μg/ml.

Key Insights:

  • The Beckman Coulter AMPH assay exhibits cross-reactivity with ranitidine, leading to false positives.
  • The Siemens EMIT II Plus assay does not show interference from ranitidine.
  • Ranitidine interference on the AMPH assay is not mitigated by altering sample-to-reagent ratios.

Outlook:

  • Highlights the importance of considering ranitidine as a potential interferent in amphetamine immunoassay testing.
  • Suggests the need for assay validation and careful interpretation of results when ranitidine use is suspected.
  • Recommends further investigation into the specific mechanisms of ranitidine interference in immunoassays.