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Response inhibition in a subclinical obsessive-compulsive sample.

Amitai Abramovitch1, Noa Shaham2, Lior Levin2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry
|September 23, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Response inhibition (RI) may be linked to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms. Subclinical OC participants showed poorer performance on a go/no-go task, but results were within the normal range when standardized.

Keywords:
Analogue sampleEndophenotypeExecutive functionNeuropsychologyOCDObsessive-compulsive disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Response inhibition (RI) is a potential endophenotype for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but findings are inconsistent.
  • Endophenotypes are thought to exist on a continuum in the general population, necessitating research with analogue samples.
  • Previous studies examined neuropsychological functions in subclinical obsessive-compulsive (OC) samples, but RI using the go/no-go paradigm was not investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate response inhibition (RI) in a subclinical obsessive-compulsive (OC) sample using the go/no-go paradigm.
  • To compare RI performance between individuals with high subclinical OC symptoms and those with low OC symptoms.
  • To explore the utility of RI as a potential endophenotype for OCD.

Main Methods:

  • A subclinical OC sample (HOC; n=27) and a low OC symptoms control sample (LOC; n=25) were recruited.
  • Participants completed the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised to assess OC symptom severity.
  • Both groups performed a go/no-go task and completed clinical questionnaires.

Main Results:

  • The HOC and LOC groups did not differ in age, gender, or state anxiety.
  • Controlling for depressive severity, the HOC group made significantly more commission errors on the go/no-go task.
  • Response time variability was also larger in the HOC group, but their standardized scores fell within the normative range.

Conclusions:

  • A psychometrically-defined subclinical OC sample demonstrated deficient RI and sustained attention compared to controls.
  • Despite raw score differences, standardized scores indicated normative performance for the subclinical OC group.
  • These findings suggest a potential association between moderate RI deficiencies and OC symptomatology, irrespective of clinical status, though its status as an OCD-specific impairment remains debated.