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Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

24
Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration...
24
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

45
DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
45
Diabetic Neuropathy01:22

Diabetic Neuropathy

35
DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
35
Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

1.3K
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
1.3K
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus01:22

Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

11
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency, resistance, or both. Prolonged hyperglycemia disrupts metabolic homeostasis and leads to acute and chronic complications.Acute ComplicationsAcute complications result from sudden metabolic imbalance.Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) mainly appears in type 1 diabetes but may also develop in type 2 diabetes, particularly under extreme stress. It arises from severe insulin deficiency,...
11
Diabetic Foot Ulcer01:31

Diabetic Foot Ulcer

23
Definition A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic, non-healing wound that develops in individuals with diabetes. It typically occurs on pressure-bearing areas such as the heel, metatarsal heads, or hallux, and carries a high risk of infection and amputation.Pathophysiology • The development of DFUs can be explained by four interconnected mechanisms: neuropathy, ischemia, infection, and impaired wound healing. • Neuropathy is the most common factor. Sensory...
23

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
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Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

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Risk factors in diabetic nephropathy progression at present.

D Lizicarova, B Krahulec, E Hirnerova

    Bratislavske Lekarske Listy
    |September 24, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Diabetic nephropathy, a complication of type 2 diabetes, causes significant health issues. This review examines risk factors for its progression in type 2 diabetes patients, highlighting data gaps.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Endocrinology
    • Diabetology

    Background:

    • Diabetic nephropathy is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally.
    • Increasing type 2 diabetes and obesity prevalence exacerbate this issue.
    • Diabetic glomeruli show hypertrophy, GBM widening, mesangial expansion, and podocytopenia.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review risk factors for diabetic nephropathy progression in type 2 diabetes.
    • To address the scarcity of data on type 2 diabetes nephropathy compared to type 1.
    • To identify factors influencing the transition from normal renal function to proteinuria.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review focusing on risk factors for diabetic nephropathy progression.
    • Analysis of existing studies on type 2 diabetes and renal function.
    • Synthesis of information regarding conversion rates to proteinuria.

    Main Results:

    • Limited data exists on risk factors and progression in type 2 diabetes patients.
    • Glomerular changes like Kimmelstiel-Wilson lesions are characteristic.
    • Further research is needed to understand progression in this population.

    Conclusions:

    • Diabetic nephropathy poses a significant global health challenge.
    • More research is crucial to understand and manage diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes.
    • Identifying risk factors is key to preventing progression and improving patient outcomes.