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Acute and long-term toxicity of mango leaves extract in mice and rats
Yi Zhang1, Jian Li2, Zhizhen Wu1
1Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
Abstract:
The acute toxicity of mango leaves extract (MLE) at the maximal dose (18.4 g/kg) was studied in ICR mice and no abnormalities were detected during the experiment. The long-term studies at various doses of MLE (100 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, and 900 mg/kg) in SD rats for 3 consecutive months revealed that, compared with the control group, rats in MLE treated groups showed slight body weight increase and higher fat weight; the serum TG and CHOL levels and the epididymis weight of male rats were a little higher; the serum K(+) level of female rats was on the low side but the weights of liver, kidney, and adrenal gland were on the high side. In addition to this, no other obvious abnormalities were detected.
Insights
Mango leaves extract (MLE) showed no acute toxicity in mice. Long-term studies in rats indicated minor changes in body weight, fat, and organ weights, with no other significant abnormalities detected.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
- Natural Products
Background:
- Mango leaves (Mangifera indica) are traditionally used in various remedies.
- Understanding the toxicological profile of herbal extracts is crucial for safety assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the acute and sub-chronic toxicity of mango leaves extract (MLE).
- To determine the safety of MLE for potential therapeutic applications.
Main Methods:
- Acute toxicity study in ICR mice at a maximal dose of 18.4 g/kg.
- Sub-chronic toxicity study in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with MLE doses of 100, 300, and 900 mg/kg for 3 months.
Main Results:
- No abnormalities observed in acute toxicity tests.
- Sub-chronic MLE administration resulted in slight body weight and fat weight increases.
- Elevated serum triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (CHOL) levels, and increased epididymis weight in male rats.
- Lower serum potassium (K+) levels and higher liver, kidney, and adrenal gland weights in female rats were noted.
- No other significant toxicological findings were detected in long-term studies.
Conclusions:
- Mango leaves extract (MLE) demonstrates a low toxicity profile.
- MLE may induce subtle physiological changes with prolonged use, warranting further investigation.
- The observed effects require careful consideration for safe dosage and application of MLE.
