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Assessment of tumor cells in a mouse model of diffuse infiltrative glioma by Raman spectroscopy
Kuniaki Tanahashi1, Atsushi Natsume1, Fumiharu Ohka2
1Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
Abstract:
Glioma of infiltrative nature is challenging for surgeons to achieve tumor-specific and maximal resection. Raman spectroscopy provides structural information on the targeted materials as vibrational shifts. We utilized Raman spectroscopy to distinguish invasive tumors from normal tissues. Spectra obtained from replication-competent avian sarcoma-(RCAS-) based infiltrative glioma cells and glioma tissues (resembling low-grade human glioma) were compared with those obtained from normal mouse astrocytes and normal tissues. In cell analysis, the spectra at 950-1000, 1030, 1050-1100, 1120-1130, 1120-1200, 1200-1300, 1300-1350, and 1450 cm(-1) were significantly higher in infiltrative glioma cells than in normal astrocytes. In brain tissue analysis, the spectra at 1030, 1050-1100, and 1200-1300 cm(-1) were significantly higher in infiltrative glioma tissues than in normal brain tissues. These spectra reflect the structures of proteins, lipids, and DNA content. The sensitivity and specificity to predict glioma cells by distinguishing normal cells were 98.3% and 75.0%, respectively. Principal component analysis elucidated the significance of spectral difference between tumor tissues and normal tissues. It is possible to distinguish invasive tumors from normal tissues by using Raman spectroscopy.
Insights
Raman spectroscopy can differentiate infiltrative glioma cells and tissues from normal ones. This technique offers high sensitivity and specificity for detecting invasive tumors, aiding surgical resection.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Optics
- Molecular Spectroscopy
- Neuro-oncology
Background:
- Infiltrative gliomas pose surgical resection challenges due to their invasive nature.
- Accurate tumor margin delineation is critical for maximal surgical success and patient outcomes.
- Novel diagnostic tools are needed to distinguish tumor from healthy tissue in real-time.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of Raman spectroscopy in distinguishing infiltrative glioma from normal brain tissue.
- To identify specific spectral biomarkers indicative of glioma infiltration.
- To assess the diagnostic accuracy of Raman spectroscopy for glioma detection.
Main Methods:
- Raman spectroscopy was employed to analyze cell and tissue samples.
- Samples included replication-competent avian sarcoma-(RCAS-) based infiltrative glioma cells and tissues, alongside normal mouse astrocytes and brain tissues.
- Spectral data were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA).
Main Results:
- Significant spectral differences were observed between glioma and normal cells/tissues.
- Specific spectral peaks (e.g., 950-1000, 1030, 1050-1100, 1200-1300 cm⁻¹) were elevated in glioma samples, reflecting protein, lipid, and DNA content variations.
- Raman spectroscopy achieved 98.3% sensitivity and 75.0% specificity in predicting glioma cells.
Conclusions:
- Raman spectroscopy effectively distinguishes infiltrative glioma from normal brain tissue.
- The identified spectral signatures provide potential biomarkers for glioma detection.
- This technique holds promise for improving intraoperative tumor margin assessment in glioma surgery.
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