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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

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Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
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Atypical Pneumonia01:14

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Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease...
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Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes01:30

Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes

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Spirochetes, unique bacteria in the phylum Spirochaetes, are gram-negative, motile, tightly coiled, slender, and flexible. They inhabit aquatic sediments and animals, with some causing diseases like syphilis. Spirochetes are classified into eight genera based on habitat, pathogenicity, phylogeny, and characteristics.Their distinctive motility arises from endoflagella, located within the cell’s periplasm. These endoflagella anchor at the cell poles and extend along the cell length, encased...
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Cholecystitis01:20

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Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...
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Brain Abscess l: Introduction01:26

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A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial...
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Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Mouse Models of Epididymitis Induced by Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns
08:30

Mouse Models of Epididymitis Induced by Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns

Published on: December 12, 2025

452

[Pylephlebitis with an uncommon aetiology].

Josine Eising1, Matthijs R Douma, Wim G Meijer

  • 1Westfriesgasthuis, Hoorn.

Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde
|September 25, 2014
PubMed
Summary

A rare case of pylephlebitis, a portal vein septic thrombophlebitis, was successfully treated in a woman. The cause was an ingested cocktail stick perforating the cecum, highlighting the need to identify pylephlebitis etiology.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Pylephlebitis is septic thrombophlebitis of the portal vein, stemming from intra-abdominal infections.
  • Identifying the source of infection is crucial for effective management.

Observation:

  • A 77-year-old woman presented with symptoms of pylephlebitis, including fever and abdominal pain, with no initially identifiable infection source.
  • The patient later developed rectal bleeding, leading to the discovery of a retained cocktail stick lodged in a colonic diverticulum.

Findings:

  • The pylephlebitis was retrospectively attributed to a contained cecal perforation caused by the ingested cocktail stick.
  • Endoscopic removal of the foreign body was successfully performed.

Implications:

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  • This case highlights the importance of considering unusual etiologies for pylephlebitis.
  • Thorough investigation, including retrospective review of imaging, is essential for uncovering the root cause of pylephlebitis to prevent recurrence and complications.