Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 23, 2026
14:57
Yeast As a Chassis for Developing Functional Assays to Study Human P53
Published on: August 4, 2019
8.9K
p53 as a retrovirus-induced oxidative stress modulator
1Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX, USA.
The Journal of General Virology
|September 26, 2014
Summary
Moloney murine leukemia virus ts1 infection increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) in astrocytes. Activated p53 suppresses ROS by inhibiting NADPH oxidase, modulating oxidative stress during retroviral infection.
Area of Science:
- Neurovirology
- Cellular Oxidative Stress
Background:
- Astrocytes infected with the neuropathogenic Moloney murine leukemia virus mutant ts1 display elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress.
- Two distinct ROS upregulation events occur during ts1 infection: early viral establishment and virus-mediated apoptosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of virus-mediated ROS upregulation in astrocyte response.
- To determine the involvement of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and p53 in ts1-induced oxidative stress.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of ROS levels in ts1-infected astrocytes.
- Investigation of ATM and p53 activation pathways.
- Assessment of NADPH oxidase activity and retroviral gene expression.
Main Results:
- Virus-mediated ROS upregulation activates ATM, leading to p53 phosphorylation at serine 15.
- Activated p53 suppresses intracellular ROS levels and delays retroviral gene expression.
- p53 activation is not directly linked to ts1-induced cell death but rather to oxidative stress modulation.
Conclusions:
- p53 acts as a critical modulator of retrovirus-induced oxidative stress in astrocytes.
- The p53-NADPH oxidase pathway is a key mechanism for controlling ROS during ts1 infection.
- Understanding this interaction is crucial for neurovirology and oxidative stress research.
Related Concept Videos
02:23Abnormal Proliferation
4.0K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.0K
02:36DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle
8.5K
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
8.5K
02:36DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle
2.3K
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
2.3K
01:23Negative Regulator Molecules
32.1K
Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
32.1K
01:51Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers
5.2K
Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...
5.2K
02:04Covalently Linked Protein Regulators
8.2K
Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
8.2K