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More lessons from the Hadza about men's work.

Kristen Hawkes1, James F O'Connell, Nicholas G Blurton Jones

  • 1Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, 270 S 1400 E Room 102, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112-0600, USA, hawkes@anthro.utah.edu.

Human Nature (Hawthorne, N.Y.)
|September 26, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Men

Area of Science:

  • Human evolutionary biology
  • Behavioral ecology
  • Anthropology

Background:

  • The Hunting Hypothesis suggests male provisioning of offspring drove human evolution.
  • This hypothesis is supported by some hunter-gatherer studies.
  • Recent data from the Hadza challenge this traditional view.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the Hunting Hypothesis using Hadza data.
  • To compare conflicting interpretations of Hadza men's hunting behavior.
  • To explore alternative explanations for male foraging strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of ethnographic data from East African Hadza foragers collected in the 1980s and more recently.
  • Comparison of two studies with differing conclusions on Hadza men's provisioning.

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  • Examination of hunting success rates, prey selection, and meat distribution patterns.

    • Main Results:

    • Hadza men disproportionately targeted big game with low success rates.
    • Most meat acquired by Hadza men was shared with the community, not their own families.
    • This pattern incurs significant opportunity costs for individual families.

    Conclusions:

    • Hadza men's focus on big game does not align with simple family provisioning.
    • Collective benefits, possibly related to male status competition, better explain this behavior.
    • This has implications for understanding early human male foraging and evolution.