Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

The Use of Mouse Mammary Tumor Cells in an In Vitro Invasion Assay as a Measure of Oncogenic Cell Behavior
08:12

The Use of Mouse Mammary Tumor Cells in an In Vitro Invasion Assay as a Measure of Oncogenic Cell Behavior

Published on: June 12, 2019

4.3K

lincRNA-RoR and miR-145 regulate invasion in triple-negative breast cancer via targeting ARF6

Gabriel Eades1, Benjamin Wolfson1, Yongshu Zhang1

  • 1Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Molecular Cancer Research : MCR
|September 26, 2014
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) metastasis is driven by the lincRNA-RoR/miR-145/ARF6 pathway. This pathway, involving upregulated lincRNA-RoR and ARF6, and downregulated miR-145, regulates tumor cell invasion and could be a therapeutic target.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Oncology
  • Cancer Genomics
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is aggressive with poor prognosis and lacks targeted therapies.
  • MicroRNA-145 (miR-145) silencing is a potential TNBC marker.
  • Understanding miR-145 downregulation mechanisms is crucial for TNBC treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanism of miR-145 downregulation in TNBC.
  • To identify novel therapeutic targets for TNBC metastasis.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular profiling and deep sequencing identified miR-145 silencing.
  • Overexpression of long intergenic noncoding RNA regulator of reprogramming (lincRNA-RoR) was analyzed.
  • Knockdown experiments assessed the impact on miR-145 expression.
  • Target validation identified ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) as a miR-145 target.

Main Results:

  • lincRNA-RoR acts as a competing endogenous RNA sponge, upregulated in TNBC and metastasis.
  • Knockdown of lincRNA-RoR restored miR-145 expression.
  • miR-145 regulates TNBC cell invasion, not proliferation or apoptosis.
  • ARF6 is upregulated in TNBC and metastasis, regulating invasion and cell-cell adhesion via E-cadherin.

Conclusions:

  • A novel lincRNA-RoR/miR-145/ARF6 pathway critically regulates TNBC invasion and metastasis.
  • This pathway presents potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for improving TNBC patient survival.

Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
7.5K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
3.0K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
20.8K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
3.6K
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.5K
Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia01:35

Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia

Invadosome is a broad category of cell surface structures with proteolytic activity that  degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM). Invadosomes are present in normal cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, and neurons, as well as tumor cells. Although the macrophage podosomes and tumor cell invadopodia are classified as invadosomes, they have different structures, molecular pathways, and functions. Podosomes are short structures that last for a few minutes. However,...
2.4K