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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal...
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Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
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Interleukin-17 in human inflammatory diseases.

Arezoo Gowhari Shabgah1, Ebrahim Fattahi2, Fatemeh Zare Shahneh3

  • 1Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Head of Department: Prof. Abbas Mirshafiey.

Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii
|September 26, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and T helper 17 (Th17) cells are key players in autoimmune diseases. They link innate and adaptive immunity, influencing inflammation and tissue damage in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis.

Keywords:
T cellsautoimmunitycytokine receptorscytokinesinflammationinterleukin-17

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Autoimmunity

Background:

  • Human T helper 17 (Th17) cells are defined by their production of IL-17A and F, along with other pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IL-6, IL-21, IL-22, and IL-23.
  • The IL-17 cytokine family includes IL-17A through IL-17F, with associated receptors such as IL-17R, IL-17RH1, IL-17RL, IL-17RD, and IL-17RE.
  • Th17 cells are implicated in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, and inflammatory bowel diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the roles of IL-17 and Th17 cells in human autoimmune diseases.
  • To explore the regulatory functions of IL-17 in host defense and chronic inflammation.
  • To highlight IL-17's dual role in immunity, encompassing both beneficial and pathological effects.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on the biological functions and regulation of IL-17 and Th17 cells.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the involvement of IL-17 in epithelial, endothelial, and fibroblast cell inflammation.
  • Examination of the link between IL-17, innate and adaptive immunity, and autoimmune disease development.

Main Results:

  • IL-17-producing T cells exert inflammatory effects on various cell types.
  • Th17 cells are strongly associated with the development and progression of multiple autoimmune conditions.
  • IL-17 acts as a critical mediator linking innate and adaptive immune responses.

Conclusions:

  • IL-17 and Th17 cells are fundamental players in immune regulation, with significant roles in autoimmune diseases.
  • The intricate functions of IL-17 contribute to both host defense mechanisms and the pathological processes underlying chronic inflammation and tissue damage.
  • Understanding IL-17's multifaceted effects is crucial for developing targeted therapies for autoimmune disorders.