Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

1.5K
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.5K
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

1.2K
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
1.2K
The Pauli Exclusion Principle03:06

The Pauli Exclusion Principle

51.5K
The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:
51.5K
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

1.2K
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
1.2K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

8.8K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
8.8K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

1.3K
Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the...
1.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Effects of different mixing techniques on mRNA lipid nanoparticle physicochemistry and biological performance.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Factors predicting the need for intensive care in patients admitted for pulmonary TB.

The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease·2026
Same author

Addressing Critical Fungal Pathogens Under a One Health Perspective: Key Insights from the Portuguese Association of Medical Mycology.

Mycopathologia·2025
Same author

Incidence, risk factors and prevention of hypothyroidism following laryngectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England·2025
Same author

Diagonalization without Diagonalization: A Direct Optimization Approach for Solid-State Density Functional Theory.

Journal of chemical theory and computation·2025
Same author

Decrease in RT-PCR Ct values among SARS-CoV-2 positive samples during the emergence of B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant in Malaysia.

Tropical biomedicine·2025
Same journal

Kat5 deficiency in alveolar type II cells licenses STAT6-driven glycolytic reprogramming and pulmonary fibrosis.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Continuous nonthermal slab gap formed by progressive tearing beneath Northeast Asia.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Zeolitic isolated protonic acid sites-mediated NH<sub>3</sub> storage for robust NO<sub>x</sub> removal.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Coaxially nested component with asymmetric fiber resonant cavity and separation membrane for gaseous and dissolved gases detection.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Near-unity charge readout signal in a nonlinear resonator without matching the sensor dissipation.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Prokaryotic Schlafen proteins cleave tRNAs during type III CRISPR immunity.

Nature communications·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities
11:42

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities

Published on: July 24, 2015

14.7K

Spin-orbit proximity effect in graphene.

A Avsar1, J Y Tan1, T Taychatanapat1

  • 11] Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore [2] Graphene Research Center, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore.

Nature Communications
|September 27, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created an artificial graphene-tungsten disulfide interface, enabling electric-field control of spin currents. This breakthrough enhances graphene

More Related Videos

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
09:00

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Published on: June 28, 2018

9.3K
Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moir&#233; Superlattice Devices
11:24

Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moiré Superlattice Devices

Published on: July 11, 2025

13.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities
11:42

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities

Published on: July 24, 2015

14.7K
Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
09:00

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Published on: June 28, 2018

9.3K
Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moir&#233; Superlattice Devices
11:24

Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moiré Superlattice Devices

Published on: July 11, 2025

13.8K

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Spintronics devices require efficient spin-polarized current generation and electric-field control.
  • Graphene's long spin relaxation lengths are promising for spintronics, but its negligible intrinsic spin-orbit coupling hinders electric-field manipulation.
  • Achieving electric-field control in graphene-based spintronics is a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer an artificial interface to induce significant spin-orbit coupling in graphene.
  • To explore the potential of this induced spin-orbit coupling for spintronics applications.
  • To investigate the role of defects in the proximity effect and utilize graphene as a defect probe.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of an artificial interface between monolayer graphene and few-layer semiconducting tungsten disulfide.
  • Measurement of spin-orbit coupling in graphene via the proximity effect.
  • Investigation of the spin Hall effect at room temperature.
  • Analysis of the influence of intrinsic defects in tungsten disulfide on the proximity effect.

Main Results:

  • Graphene acquired a spin-orbit coupling of up to 17 meV, three orders of magnitude higher than its intrinsic value, without structural modification.
  • The proximity spin-orbit coupling enabled the observation of the spin Hall effect in graphene even at room temperature.
  • Intrinsic defects in tungsten disulfide were identified as crucial for the observed proximity effect.

Conclusions:

  • The artificial graphene-tungsten disulfide interface successfully induces significant spin-orbit coupling in graphene, overcoming its intrinsic limitations.
  • This proximity-induced spin-orbit coupling opens new avenues for electric-field-controlled spintronics, including spin field-effect transistors.
  • Graphene can serve as a sensitive probe for detecting defects in semiconducting surfaces like tungsten disulfide.