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Related Concept Videos

Photoluminescence: Applications01:14

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Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...
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Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...
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Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.
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A fluorescence microscope uses fluorescent chromophores called fluorochromes, which can absorb energy from a light source and then emit this energy as visible light. Fluorochromes include naturally fluorescent substances (such as chlorophylls) and fluorescent stains that are added to the specimen to create contrast. Dyes such as Texas red and FITC are examples of fluorochromes. Other examples include the nucleic acid dyes 4’,6’-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and acridine orange.
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Fluorescent sensors for biological applications.

Hui-wang Ai1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA 92521, USA. huiwang.ai@ucr.edu.

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Advancements in fluorescence instrumentation and probes enable detection of single molecules and sub-50 nm resolution. This special issue highlights recent developments in fluorescent biosensors from leading research groups.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biotechnology
  • Optical Physics

Background:

  • Fluorescence is a cornerstone analytical technique in biological research.
  • Recent decades have seen significant advancements in fluorescence instrumentation, enabling single-photon and single-molecule detection.
  • Breaking the Abbe diffraction limit allows for distinguishing objects less than 50 nm apart.

Discussion:

  • The synergy between advanced instrumentation and improved fluorescent probes is crucial for progress.
  • This special issue focuses on the development of novel fluorescent biosensors.
  • It compiles contributions from eight research groups, including reviews and original research.

Key Insights:

  • State-of-the-art instruments facilitate unprecedented sensitivity and resolution in fluorescence microscopy.
  • Development of sophisticated fluorescent probes complements instrumental capabilities.
  • The field of fluorescent biosensors is rapidly evolving with new applications.

Outlook:

  • Continued innovation in fluorescence technology will drive discoveries in biology and medicine.
  • Future research will likely focus on enhancing probe specificity and developing more complex biosensing platforms.
  • Integration of fluorescent biosensors with other analytical techniques promises multifaceted biological analysis.