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Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
Published on: September 22, 2019
Biological pathways involved in the development of inflammatory bowel disease
Mateja Zemljic1, Bozena Pejkovic, Ivan Krajnc
1Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Ljubljanska 5, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia, mateja.zemljic@gmail.com.
Abstract:
Apoptosis, autophagy and necrosis are three distinct functional types of the mammalian cell death network. All of them are characterized by a number of cell's morphological changes. The inappropriate induction of cell death is involved in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases.Pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease) includes an abnormal immunological response to disturbed intestinal microflora. One of the most important reason in pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory disease and subsequent multiple organ pathology is a barrier function of the gut, regulating cellular viability. Recent findings have begun to explain the mechanisms by which intestinal epithelial cells are able to survive in such an environment and how loss of normal regulatory processes may lead to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).This review focuses on the regulation of biological pathways in development and homeostasis in IBD. Better understanding of the physiological functions of biological pathways and their influence on inflammation, immunity, and barrier function will simplify our expertice of homeostasis in the gastrointestinal tract and in upgrading diagnosis and treatment.
Insights
Cell death pathways are crucial in diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Understanding gut epithelial cell survival mechanisms is key to IBD diagnosis and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Cell biology
- Immunology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Cell death pathways (apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis) are fundamental to mammalian biology.
- Dysregulated cell death contributes to various diseases.
- Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) involve immune responses to gut microbiota, impacting gut barrier function and epithelial cell viability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the regulation of biological pathways in the development and homeostasis of IBD.
- To elucidate mechanisms of intestinal epithelial cell survival in IBD pathogenesis.
- To enhance understanding of gut homeostasis, immunity, and barrier function in IBD.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on cell death, inflammation, immunity, and gut barrier function in IBD.
- Analysis of recent findings on intestinal epithelial cell survival mechanisms.
- Synthesis of information on biological pathway regulation in IBD.
Main Results:
- Inappropriate induction of cell death is implicated in disease pathogenesis.
- Loss of normal regulatory processes in intestinal epithelial cells can lead to IBD.
- Gut barrier function is critical in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases.
Conclusions:
- Understanding biological pathways governing cell survival, inflammation, and barrier function is vital for IBD.
- Improved knowledge will advance the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.
- This review consolidates current understanding to guide future research in IBD.
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