Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The de Broglie Wavelength02:32

The de Broglie Wavelength

25.5K
In the macroscopic world, objects that are large enough to be seen by the naked eye follow the rules of classical physics. A billiard ball moving on a table will behave like a particle; it will continue traveling in a straight line unless it collides with another ball, or it is acted on by some other force, such as friction. The ball has a well-defined position and velocity or well-defined momentum, p = mv, which is defined by mass m and velocity v at any given moment. This is the typical...
25.5K
The Wave Nature of Light02:12

The Wave Nature of Light

46.1K
The nature of light has been a subject of inquiry since antiquity. In the seventeenth century, Isaac Newton performed experiments with lenses and prisms and was able to demonstrate that white light consists of the individual colors of the rainbow combined together. Newton explained his optics findings in terms of a "corpuscular" view of light, in which light was composed of streams of extremely tiny particles traveling at high speeds according to Newton's laws of motion.
46.1K
The Uncertainty Principle04:08

The Uncertainty Principle

25.4K
Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He...
25.4K
The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

47.0K
Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing...
47.0K
Electromagnetic Waves01:30

Electromagnetic Waves

10.3K
James Clerk Maxwell formulated a single theory combining all the electric and magnetic effects scientists knew during that time, calling the phenomena his theory predicted “Electromagnetic waves”. He brought together all the work that had been done by brilliant physicists such as Oersted, Coulomb, Gauss, and Faraday and added his own insights to develop the overarching theory of electromagnetism. Maxwell’s equations, combined with the Lorentz force law, encompass all the laws...
10.3K
First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium01:10

First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium

6.8K
Newton's first law of motion states that a body at rest remains at rest, or if in motion, remains in motion at constant velocity, unless acted on by a net external force. It also states that there must be a cause for any change in velocity (a change in either magnitude or direction) to occur. This cause is a net external force. For example, consider what happens to an object sliding along a rough horizontal surface. The object quickly grinds to a halt, due to the net force of friction. If...
6.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Time-resolved certification of frequency-bin entanglement over multi-mode channels.

NPJ quantum information·2026
Same author

Thermodynamic Supercriticality and Complex Phase Diagram for the AdS Black Hole.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Radiation hardness properties and DCR reduction via laser annealing of InGaAs/InP SPADs for space applications.

Optics express·2025
Same author

Feasibility study of frequency-encoded photonic qubits over a free-space channel.

Optics express·2025
Same author

Towards fully passive time-bin quantum key distribution over moving free-space channels.

Optics express·2025
Same author

A reconfigurable entanglement distribution network suitable for connecting multiple ground nodes with a satellite.

EPJ quantum technology·2025
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

7.6K

Is wave-particle objectivity compatible with determinism and locality?

Radu Ionicioiu1, Thomas Jennewein2, Robert B Mann3

  • 11] Department of Theoretical Physics, National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 077125 Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania [2] Research Center for Spatial Information - CEOSpaceTech, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 061071 Bucharest, Romania.

Nature Communications
|September 27, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hidden-variable theories attempting to explain quantum phenomena like wave-particle duality clash with quantum mechanics when entanglement is involved. Extending these theories to control devices worsens the contradiction, suggesting quantum mechanics prevails.

More Related Videos

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

9.8K
Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
09:23

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

13.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 23, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

7.6K
A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

9.8K
Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
09:23

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

13.9K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Physics
  • Foundations of Quantum Mechanics
  • Quantum Information

Background:

  • Quantum theory's counterintuitive concepts like wave-particle duality, superposition, and entanglement challenge classical intuition.
  • Hidden-variable (HV) theories were developed to reconcile quantum mechanics with classical expectations.
  • Advancements in quantum technologies enable experimental testing of quantum theory against HV theories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate an entanglement-assisted quantum delayed-choice experiment.
  • To determine if extending hidden-variable assumptions to controlling devices resolves or exacerbates contradictions with quantum mechanics.
  • To compare quantum mechanics with HV theories under specific conditions: objectivity, determinism, and local independence.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of an entanglement-assisted quantum delayed-choice experiment.
  • Comparison of predictions from quantum mechanics and hidden-variable theories.
  • Evaluation of HV theories satisfying objectivity, determinism, and local independence.

Main Results:

  • Extending hidden-variable assumptions to controlling devices intensifies the conflict with quantum mechanics.
  • Quantum mechanics is compatible with any two of the conditions (objectivity, determinism, local independence).
  • A conflict arises when all three HV conditions are imposed, persisting even with non-zero entanglement.

Conclusions:

  • Hidden-variable theories face significant challenges when confronted with entanglement-assisted quantum experiments.
  • The study highlights the incompatibility of certain fundamental assumptions of hidden-variable theories with observed quantum phenomena.
  • An experiment is proposed to empirically validate these findings and further restrict hidden-variable theories.