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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

9
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
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Impaired functional integration in multiple sclerosis: a graph theory study.

Maria A Rocca1,2, Paola Valsasina1, Alessandro Meani1

  • 1Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.

Brain Structure & Function
|September 27, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) alters brain network organization, impacting cognitive function. Network disruptions in MS patients are linked to cognitive deficits and disease variability, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.

Keywords:
Cognitive impairmentGraph analysisMultiple sclerosisPhenotypeResting state fMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Systems Neuroscience
  • Clinical Neurology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease characterized by demyelination and neurodegeneration.
  • Functional brain network connectivity alterations are increasingly recognized in MS.
  • The relationship between network topology and clinical manifestations in MS requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the topological organization of functional brain networks in a large cohort of MS patients.
  • To determine if disruptions in network connectivity correlate with clinical features, including cognitive impairment.
  • To identify specific network alterations associated with cognitive status and disease variability in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 246 MS patients and 55 healthy controls (HC).
  • Graph theoretical analysis applied to estimate functional connectivity between 116 cortical and subcortical brain regions.
  • Assessment of global network properties (degree, efficiency, hierarchy, path length, assortativity) and regional hub distribution.

Main Results:

  • MS patients exhibited abnormal global network properties compared to HC.
  • Network alterations distinguished cognitively impaired MS patients from HC.
  • MS patients showed altered hub distribution (loss, lateralization shifts, new formations) and decreased nodal degree in specific regions.
  • Regional network modifications were associated with cognitive impairment and phenotypic variability.

Conclusions:

  • Functional brain network organization is significantly disrupted in MS patients.
  • Impaired global integration and regional network redistribution contribute to cognitive deficits and disease variability in MS.
  • These findings underscore the role of network topology in MS pathophysiology and clinical outcomes.