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Related Concept Videos

Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

642
Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
642
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
793
Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification01:25

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

809
Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
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Structure of Cardiac Muscles01:13

Structure of Cardiac Muscles

16.5K
Cardiac muscle, or myocardium, is a specialized type of muscle found exclusively in the heart. Its unique structural and functional characteristics enable the heart to perform its vital role of pumping blood throughout the body continuously and rhythmically. The cardiac muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes, possess an endomysium and perimysium but do not have an epimysium.
Compared to skeletal muscles, cardiac muscle cells are small and mostly have a single nucleus. Additionally, they are usually...
16.5K
Layers of the Heart Wall01:15

Layers of the Heart Wall

7.0K
The heart wall comprises three distinct layers: the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium. The outermost layer, the epicardium, is the visceral layer of the serous pericardium, featuring a thin, transparent mesothelial surface and an inner layer of areolar connective tissue with fat deposits that increase with age.
The myocardium, the thickest layer, consists of cardiac muscle cells interconnected by intercalated discs and crisscrossing connective tissue fibers. These muscle fibers contract...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Isolation and Functional Characterization of Human Ventricular Cardiomyocytes from Fresh Surgical Samples
14:39

Isolation and Functional Characterization of Human Ventricular Cardiomyocytes from Fresh Surgical Samples

Published on: April 21, 2014

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Myocardial Tissue Characterization: Histological and Pathophysiological Correlation.

T A Treibel1, S K White1, J C Moon2

  • 1Department of Cardiology, The Heart Hospital, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK.

Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports
|September 27, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) offers unique, non-invasive myocardial tissue characterization for diagnosing and tracking heart conditions. Advanced techniques like T1/T2 mapping and extracellular volume quantification improve detection of edema, infarction, scar, and fibrosis.

Keywords:
EdemaLGELate enhancementMyocardial fibrosisT1T2

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Isolation and Characterization of Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Endomyocardial Bioptic Samples of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Patients
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Isolation and Characterization of Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Endomyocardial Bioptic Samples of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Patients

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Histological Quantification of Chronic Myocardial Infarct in Rats
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Histological Quantification of Chronic Myocardial Infarct in Rats

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Isolation and Functional Characterization of Human Ventricular Cardiomyocytes from Fresh Surgical Samples
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Isolation and Functional Characterization of Human Ventricular Cardiomyocytes from Fresh Surgical Samples

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Isolation and Characterization of Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Endomyocardial Bioptic Samples of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Patients
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Isolation and Characterization of Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Endomyocardial Bioptic Samples of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Patients

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Histological Quantification of Chronic Myocardial Infarct in Rats
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Histological Quantification of Chronic Myocardial Infarct in Rats

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is the gold standard for cardiac function and volume assessment.
  • CMR uniquely excels in non-invasive myocardial tissue characterization.
  • Accurate characterization aids in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy monitoring.

Approach:

  • Focus on histological and pathophysiological evidence supporting CMR imaging parameters.
  • Evaluate techniques for detecting and quantifying myocardial edema, infarction, scar, and fibrosis.
  • Discuss strengths and weaknesses of various CMR modalities.

Key Points:

  • T1 and T2 mapping are rapidly developing techniques for tissue characterization.
  • Contrast-derived extracellular volume (ECV) quantifies diffuse fibrosis.
  • CMR parameters provide insights into myocardial pathological processes.

Conclusions:

  • CMR enables precise, non-invasive assessment of myocardial tissue.
  • Advanced CMR techniques enhance the understanding of cardiac diseases.
  • This review highlights the pathophysiological basis of CMR findings.