Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Identifying DNA Mutations in Purified Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells
11:06

Identifying DNA Mutations in Purified Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells

Published on: February 24, 2014

12.2K

More efficient repair of DNA double-strand breaks in skeletal muscle stem cells compared to their committed progeny

Leyla Vahidi Ferdousi1, Pierre Rocheteau2, Romain Chayot3

  • 1Institut Pasteur, Yeast Molecular Genetics, Dept. of Genomes and Genetics, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France; CNRS UMR 3525, Team Stability of Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, University of Paris 06, IFD-ED 515, Place Jussieu, Paris, 72252, France.

Stem Cell Research
|September 29, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Adult skeletal stem cells efficiently repair DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) with high accuracy, unlike differentiated cells. This robust DNA repair capacity is crucial for maintaining genome integrity and preventing aging and cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Genome integrity loss in adult stem cells accelerates tissue aging and can lead to cancer.
  • Adult stem cells typically exhibit robust responses to DNA damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair mechanisms in adult skeletal stem (satellite) cells.
  • To compare the repair efficiency and accuracy of satellite cells with their differentiated progeny.

Main Methods:

  • Exposure of satellite cells and myogenic cells to radiation-induced DSBs.
  • Assessment of differentiation, apoptosis, and DSB repair efficiency.
  • Evaluation of repair accuracy and dependence on DNA-PKcs.

Main Results:

  • Satellite cells showed less apoptosis and did not primarily differentiate in response to DSBs.
  • Satellite cells repaired DSBs more efficiently and accurately than their committed progeny.
  • Repair efficiency was linked to differentiation status, not proliferation status, and remained high even when cells were isolated.

Conclusions:

  • Adult skeletal stem cells possess a highly efficient and accurate DSB repair capacity, crucial for maintaining genome stability.
  • Accurate repair is dependent on the non-homologous end-joining factor DNA-PKcs.
  • This efficient repair mechanism in satellite cells may protect against age-related tissue degeneration and cancer.

More Related Videos

Analysis of DNA Double-strand Break DSB Repair in Mammalian Cells13:10

Analysis of DNA Double-strand Break DSB Repair in Mammalian Cells

Published on: September 8, 2010

31.5K
Using Next Generation Sequencing to Identify Mutations Associated with Repair of a CAS9-induced Double Strand Break Near the CD4 Promoter06:59

Using Next Generation Sequencing to Identify Mutations Associated with Repair of a CAS9-induced Double Strand Break Near the CD4 Promoter

Published on: March 31, 2022

1.8K

Related Concept Videos

Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy01:21

Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy

Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
1.7K
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
12.0K
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

3.4K
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
58.6K
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
8.5K
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
2.3K