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Chemical and antihyperglycemic activity changes of ginseng pectin induced by heat processing
Lili Jiao1, Xiaoyu Zhang1, Mingzhu Wang1
1Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jingyue Economic Development Zone, 1035, Boshuo Road, Changchun 130117, Jilin Province, China.
Abstract:
Six pectic polysaccharides were obtained from white ginseng (GPW-1 and GPW-2), red ginseng (GPR-1 and GPR-2, steamed ginseng at 100°C) and steamed ginseng (GPS-1 and GPS-2, steamed ginseng at 120°C) by combination of water extraction, ion-exchange and gel permeation chromatographies. Based on the data from monosaccharide composition and (13)C NMR analysis, GPW-1, GPR-1 and GPS-1 were identified as type-I rhamnogalacturonan (RG-I)-rich pectins, GPW-2, GPR-2 and GPS-2 were homogalacturonan (HG)-rich pectins with different degrees of methyl-esterification. Remarkably, GalA increased with the increase of processing temperatures in these six fractions, which might be caused by the transformation of esterified GalA into un-esterified form during heat processing. In vivo animal experiments showed that GPs exhibited significant antiohyperglycemic and antioxidant activities in alloxan-induced diabetic mice, and the effects increased with the processing temperature, with the most potent activity in GPS.
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