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Published on: January 28, 2020
Characteristics of circulating CD31(+) cells from patients with coronary artery disease
Moo Hyun Kim1, Longzhe Guo, Han-Soo Kim
1Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea; Regional Clinical Trial Center, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
Insights
Circulating CD31(+) cells in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients show impaired angiogenic potential and are linked to cardiovascular disease activity. The number of these cells may serve as a biomarker for CAD severity.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cardiovascular Biology
Background:
- CD31-expressing cells' role in healthy individuals is known.
- Characteristics of CD31-expressing cells in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients are unexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate the relationship between circulating CD31(+) cells and CAD.
- Determine the biological characteristics of these cells in CAD patients.
Main Methods:
- Flow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood CD31(+) cells.
- Gene expression analysis for angiogenic, chemokine, and inflammatory markers.
- Correlation analysis with cardiovascular disease activity and coronary artery disease severity.
Main Results:
- CAD patient CD31(+) cells (C-CD31) display reduced T-cell and increased macrophage markers compared to healthy controls (H-CD31).
- Pro-angiogenic and chemokine gene expression is down-regulated in C-CD31, while IL-1α is up-regulated.
- Increased CD31(+) cells in peripheral blood of unstable angina patients; significant correlations found with disease activity and number of diseased coronaries.
Conclusions:
- CD31(+) cells in CAD patients exhibit diminished angiogenic capacity.
- Circulating CD31(+) cell counts correlate with cardiovascular risk and disease severity.
- These findings offer insights into CAD pathogenesis and potential diagnostic markers.
Abstract:
Recently, we reported the properties of CD31-expressing cells in healthy individuals. However, the characteristics of CD31-expressing cells derived from coronary artery disease (CAD) patients remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between circulating CD31(+) cells and CAD as well as their biological characteristics. Analysis with flow cytometry revealed that CD31(+) cells (C-CD31) from the peripheral blood (PB) of CAD patients exhibited low levels of T-cell marker and high levels of macrophage marker compared with the PB-CD31(+) cells from healthy individuals (H-CD31). In addition, the expression levels of multiple pro-angiogenic and chemokine genes were significantly down-regulated in C-CD31. However, inflammatory gene IL-1α was highly up-regulated in C-CD31. Patients with unstable angina (UA) had significantly more CD31(+) cells in the PB than healthy control group (P < 0.001). Moreover, there were significant correlations between the number of CD31(+) cells and cardiovascular (CV) disease activity (R = 0.318, P = 0.006) and the number of diseased coronaries (R = 0.312, P = 0.005). For the diagnostic category of UA, the area under curve was 0.803 (P < 0.001). In conclusion, C-CD31 have impaired angiogenic potential and the number of circulating CD31(+) cells were correlated with CV risk. These findings may contribute to the understanding of the pathogenesis of CAD.
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