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Related Experiment Videos

Categorizing objects in isolation and in scenes: what a superordinate is good for.

G L Murphy1, E J Wisniewski

  • 1Walter S. Hunter Laboratory of Psychology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|July 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Categorizing objects in scenes reduces the advantage of basic concepts over superordinate concepts. Superordinate concept identification was more difficult when objects appeared in inappropriate scenes, suggesting distinct concept representations.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Concept Representation
  • Object Categorization

Background:

  • Previous research indicates faster categorization of objects into basic concepts versus superordinate concepts.
  • Existing studies typically use isolated object identification tasks.
  • Superordinate concepts often refer to object collections and their typical contexts, not single items.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if the basic concept advantage diminishes when objects are categorized within a scene.
  • To explore the role of contextual information in object categorization.
  • To examine potential differences in the representation of basic and superordinate concepts.

Main Methods:

  • Four experiments were conducted.
  • Participants categorized objects presented as part of a scene.

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  • Object-scene congruency was manipulated.

    • Main Results:

    • The basic-superordinate categorization difference decreased when objects were presented in scenes.
    • Superordinate concept identification showed increased interference in inappropriate scenes.
    • Basic concept advantage was reduced in contextualized tasks.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings suggest that superordinate concepts incorporate scene information.
    • Contextual information influences the processing of basic and superordinate concepts differently.
    • Qualitative differences exist in the cognitive representations of basic and superordinate concepts.