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Related Concept Videos

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction01:26

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:24

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

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PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.
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Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
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Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis01:25

Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated...
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Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:26

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

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Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular...
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Modeling and Evaluation of Murine Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Model
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Type 2 diabetes: a case study.

Priscilla Cunningham1, Helen Noble

  • 1Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland.

Nursing Standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)
|October 2, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypoglycaemia is common in hospitalised diabetes patients, increasing mortality risk. Early diagnosis and management of type 2 diabetes are crucial to prevent adverse outcomes and improve patient care.

Keywords:
Blood glucosecase studydiabetesglucose testinghyperglycaemiahypoglycaemiainsulin resistancesulfonylureastype 2 diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Clinical Diabetes Management

Background:

  • Rising community diabetes prevalence correlates with increased hospital admissions for diabetes.
  • Hypoglycaemic episodes affect approximately 25% of hospitalised diabetes patients.
  • Hypoglycaemia during hospitalisation is linked to higher mortality and extended stays.

Observation:

  • A case study details a patient admitted for a hypoglycaemic episode.
  • The case highlights the patient's care during a clinical practice placement.
  • Focus is placed on the aetiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Findings:

  • The study examines the aetiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of type 2 diabetes.
  • Psychosocial factors impacting patients with diabetes are also explored.
  • Emphasis is placed on the critical need for early diabetes diagnosis.

Implications:

  • Delayed diagnosis of diabetes can lead to severe adverse effects.
  • Effective management of type 2 diabetes in hospital settings is essential.
  • Understanding hypoglycaemia's impact is key for improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare burdens.