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Related Concept Videos

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

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The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
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Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

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Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
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Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

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The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
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Taste Buds and Receptors01:20

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Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
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Common Respiratory Disorders01:31

Common Respiratory Disorders

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Respiratory disorders, a prevalent health concern globally, are generally divided into two primary categories: upper and lower respiratory tract disorders. The categorization is based on the area of the respiratory system they affect.
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...
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Drug Therapy01:28

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The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function
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A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function

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[Olfactory disorders and their therapy].

A Hähner1, T Hummel, B A Stuck

  • 1Universitäts-HNO-Klinik, TU Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Deutschland.

HNO
|October 2, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Olfactory disorders stem from various causes like infections and head trauma, significantly impacting life quality. Effective treatments may involve anti-inflammatory approaches and supporting olfactory neuroepithelium regeneration.

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Related Experiment Videos

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Neuroscience

Context:

  • Olfactory disorders, including loss of smell, significantly affect daily life.
  • Common causes include chronic rhinosinusitis, head trauma, upper respiratory infections, and neurodegenerative diseases.

Purpose:

  • To review current understanding of olfactory disorder causes and therapeutic strategies.
  • To highlight the need for rigorous clinical trials to evaluate treatment efficacy.

Summary:

  • Therapeutic approaches focus on anti-inflammatory measures and enhancing the regenerative capacity of the olfactory neuroepithelium.
  • Distinguishing treatment effects from spontaneous remission requires well-designed, double-blind comparative studies.

Impact:

  • Informing the development of evidence-based treatments for olfactory dysfunction.
  • Improving quality of life for individuals suffering from smell disorders.