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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Exosomes01:36

Overview of Exosomes

2.8K
Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
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Exocytosis00:50

Exocytosis

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Exocytosis is a process that releases molecules outside the cell. Like other bulk transport mechanisms, exocytosis requires energy.
Exocytosis is the opposite of endocytosis, which brings molecules inside the cell. Sometimes, the released materials are signaling molecules. For example, neurons typically use exocytosis to release neurotransmitters. Cells also use exocytosis to insert proteins such as ion channels into their cell membranes, secrete proteins for use in the extracellular matrix, or...
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Exocytosis00:51

Exocytosis

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Exocytosis is used to release material from cells. Like other bulk transport mechanisms, exocytosis requires energy.
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Vesicular Trasport: Endocytosis, Transcytosis and Exocytosis01:18

Vesicular Trasport: Endocytosis, Transcytosis and Exocytosis

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Vesicular transport is a cellular process that encompasses the engulfment of particles or dissolved substances by cells. It involves endocytosis, transcytosis, and exocytosis.
Endocytosis is a cellular mechanism that involves the inward folding of the cell membrane to create vesicles that capture and transport large drug molecules. This process comprises two distinct methods: pinocytosis (often referred to as "cell drinking") and phagocytosis (often referred to as "cell...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Purification and microRNA Profiling of Exosomes Derived from Blood and Culture Media
10:45

Purification and microRNA Profiling of Exosomes Derived from Blood and Culture Media

Published on: June 14, 2013

31.4K

Functions and application of exosomes.

Jun Qin, Qing Xu

    Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica
    |October 3, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Exosomes, nano-sized vesicles, facilitate intercellular communication by transferring molecules. This review covers their structure, role in disease, and potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Biochemistry
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • Cells release diverse microvesicles, including exosomes, into extracellular fluids.
    • Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles involved in intercellular communication, transferring various biomolecules.
    • They play roles in both physiological processes and disease pathogenesis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To summarize the current knowledge on exosome structure, composition, formation, and isolation.
    • To discuss the role of exosomes in disease pathogenesis.
    • To explore the potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications of exosomes.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of exosome research.
    • Analysis of exosomal structure and function.

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    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 23, 2026

    Purification and microRNA Profiling of Exosomes Derived from Blood and Culture Media
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    Purification and microRNA Profiling of Exosomes Derived from Blood and Culture Media

    Published on: June 14, 2013

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    Isolation and Characterization of Exosomes from Skeletal Muscle Fibroblasts
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  • Discussion of current and emerging exosome-based therapies.

    • Main Results:

    • Exosomes are key mediators of intercellular communication, transferring DNA, microRNAs, and lipids.
    • They are found in various body fluids and secreted by most cell types.
    • Exosomes have significant roles in disease progression and hold promise for diagnostics and therapeutics.

    Conclusions:

    • Exosomes represent a novel mechanism for intracellular communication.
    • Understanding exosome biology is crucial for developing new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
    • Exosome-based therapies offer potential for treating various diseases.