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Related Experiment Videos

Low circulating T-helper cells in relapsing multiple myeloma.

M J Hicks1, B G Durie, D J Slymen

  • 1Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724.

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Low T4-lymphocyte cell percentages in patients with monoclonal gammopathy and multiple myeloma independently predict relapse. This finding offers a potential new clinical test for disease assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) and multiple myeloma are plasma cell disorders.
  • T-lymphocyte subsets play a crucial role in immune regulation and cancer surveillance.
  • Understanding immune changes in these conditions is vital for predicting disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the serial changes in peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets.
  • To correlate these changes with clinical status, specifically relapse, in MGUS and multiple myeloma patients.
  • To assess the impact of treatment on T-lymphocyte subsets.

Main Methods:

  • Serial peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subset analysis over 6 years in 50 patients.
  • Correlation of T-lymphocyte subset levels with clinical status (response vs. relapse).

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  • Study design included assessments before, during, and after therapy to account for treatment effects.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant correlation (P < 0.001) was found between low T4-bearing cell percentages and relapse status, independent of treatment effects.
    • Multivariate analysis confirmed that decreasing T4 levels independently correlated with an increased probability of relapse (P ≤ 0.003).
    • Specifically, 67% of patients with T4 levels below 20% relapsed, irrespective of other parameters.

    Conclusions:

    • Decreasing T4-lymphocyte cell percentages are a strong independent predictor of relapse in multiple myeloma and MGUS.
    • This correlation provides insights into the biology of relapsing myeloma.
    • T4 cell levels may serve as a clinically useful biomarker for disease assessment and prognosis.