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Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

176.3K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
176.3K
Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

5.6K
Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
5.6K
Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

4.7K
Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
4.7K
Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model01:15

Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model

2.1K
Dissolution, the process by which drug particles dissolve in a solvent, is explained by the diffusion layer model, a theoretical framework that simulates the absorption of oral drugs and allows us to analyze experimental data.
This process starts with a thin layer, saturated with the drug, forming at the interface between the solid and liquid. The solute then diffuses from this layer into the main solution. The Noyes-Whitney equation suggests that the rate of dissolution relies on the diffusion...
2.1K
Diffusion on Chromatography Columns01:07

Diffusion on Chromatography Columns

1.6K
In column chromatography, when an analyte is introduced as a narrow band at the top of the column, the solutes begin to separate and broaden, developing a Gaussian profile. This broadening occurs due to various factors, such as longitudinal diffusion.
Longitudinal diffusion occurs when the solute molecules in the mobile phase diffuse from the more concentrated center of the chromatographic band to the more dilute regions on either side, both towards and against the flow direction. This...
1.6K
Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics01:17

Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics

1.8K
Passive diffusion is a critical process that allows small lipophilic drugs to cross the cell membrane along a concentration gradient. This mechanism's efficiency depends on four primary factors: the membrane's surface area, the drug's lipid-water partition coefficient, the concentration gradient, and the membrane's thickness.
When administered orally, drugs establish a substantial concentration gradient between the gastrointestinal (GI) lumen and the bloodstream, expediting...
1.8K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging
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In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: September 2, 2016

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Experiments on tracer diffusion in aqueous and non-aqueous solvent combinations.

Duncan M Frasch1, Daniel R Spiegel1

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas 78212, USA.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|October 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Tracer diffusion of azobenzene in polar solvent mixtures was studied. Water

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Chemical Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Understanding solute diffusion in mixed solvents is crucial for chemical processes.
  • Azobenzene derivatives are important photo-responsive molecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the tracer diffusion of azobenzene in binary polar solvent mixtures.
  • To explore the influence of water and amphiphiles on diffusion behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Forced Rayleigh scattering technique was employed.
  • Tracer diffusion coefficients were measured for azobenzene in various solvent compositions.

Main Results:

  • In non-aqueous mixtures, diffusion coefficients followed free-volume theory predictions.

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The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

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Adapting Taylor Dispersion to Measure the Dispersion Coefficient of Electrolyte Solutions via an Accessible Microfluidic Setup
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Last Updated: Apr 23, 2026

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging
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The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow
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Adapting Taylor Dispersion to Measure the Dispersion Coefficient of Electrolyte Solutions via an Accessible Microfluidic Setup
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  • In aqueous mixtures, diffusion coefficients showed a minimum below pure solvent values.
  • Aqueous mixtures with amphiphiles exhibited nearly constant diffusion above a specific mole fraction.

    • Conclusions:

    • The hydrophobic/hydrophilic nature of the azobenzene's solvation shell influences diffusion.
    • Amphiphilic clusters in aqueous solutions lead to concentration-independent diffusion.