Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Counterfactual Thinking01:19

Counterfactual Thinking

428
Counterfactual thinking is a cognitive process wherein individuals mentally reconstruct alternative versions of past events, often beginning with “what if” or “if only.” This reflective mechanism plays a significant role in shaping emotional experiences and guiding future behavior. Though typically triggered by unfavorable or unexpected outcomes, counterfactual thinking can also emerge in mundane, everyday decisions and experiences, revealing its deep entrenchment in...
428
Introspection01:29

Introspection

435
Introspection, long upheld as a reliable route to self-knowledge, involves examining one's thoughts, emotions, and mental processes. It underpins many psychological practices, from mindfulness meditation to psychotherapy and self-help strategies. However, empirical evidence challenges the accuracy of introspection as a means of understanding oneself.Limitations of Introspective InsightSeminal work by Nisbett and Wilson demonstrated that individuals are frequently unaware of the true causes...
435
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy01:24

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

777
Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBTs) are grounded in the belief that our thoughts profoundly influence our emotions and actions. Advocates of CBT emphasize three core assumptions: first, that cognitions are identifiable and measurable; second, that they are central to psychological functioning; and third, that irrational or maladaptive beliefs can be replaced with rational and adaptive ones. This transformative approach to therapy has paved the way for specific models such as Albert...
777
Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance01:14

Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance

893
Avoidance-avoidance conflict refers to a psychological situation where a person must choose between two or more unpleasant alternatives. These conflicts are particularly stressful because neither option is desirable. This dilemma is often expressed in sayings like "caught between a rock and a hard place" or "between the devil and the deep blue sea." For instance, individuals who fear dental procedures may find themselves torn between enduring a painful toothache or facing the...
893
Beck's Cognitive Therapy01:25

Beck's Cognitive Therapy

601
Cognitive therapy is a psychological approach designed to address distortions in thinking, which can lead to negative emotions and unrealistic beliefs. These cognitive distortions often influence how individuals interpret and respond to situations, exacerbating emotional distress. Below are some prevalent cognitive distortions, their characteristics, and examples of how they manifest in thought processes.
Arbitrary Inference
Arbitrary inference involves making conclusions without sufficient...
601
Coping Strategies: Problem Focused01:27

Coping Strategies: Problem Focused

775
Coping strategies are methods people use to manage, tolerate, or reduce the effects of stressors. These strategies involve both behavioral and psychological actions to handle stressful situations. One common approach is problem-focused coping, which aims to change or eliminate the source of stress rather than merely addressing its consequences. This method involves taking direct action to resolve the issue causing stress.
For example, consider a student who struggles to understand their...
775

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pulsed Electric Field Ablation for Advanced Lung and Oligometastatic Disease: A Retrospective Study of 32 Consecutive Patients in a Community Hospital Setting.

Cancers·2026
Same author

FcRn function alone cannot account for elevated IgG clearance in the Lewis lung carcinoma model of cancer cachexia.

International immunopharmacology·2026
Same author

Fc gamma receptor binding modulates IgG clearance in cancer cachexia.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Implications of Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate, and 5-Flurouracil Chemotherapy on Hippocampal-Dependent Cognition and Gut-Microbiome.

Frontiers in microbiomes·2026
Same author

A Novel Mouse Model to Identify Antigen-Specific Immune Responses in Pancreatic Cancer Cachexia.

Cancers·2026
Same author

Tumor intrinsic properties dictate Fc receptor expression and cancer cachexia associated increase in checkpoint inhibitor clearance.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same journal

Clinical Confidence in Personality Disorder Care Requires Team-Based Formulation.

Personality and mental health·2026
Same journal

Complex Interconnections Between Personality, Emotional, and Metacognitive Dysfunctions: A Comparative Network Analysis in Adolescent and Adult Populations.

Personality and mental health·2026
Same journal

Psychometric Properties of the Dutch Short Form of the Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory.

Personality and mental health·2026
Same journal

Assumptions and Consequences of Different Conceptualizations of Personality Functioning.

Personality and mental health·2026
Same journal

Effects of Short-Term Versus Long-Term Mentalization-Based Therapy on Psychiatric Symptoms in Outpatients With Borderline Personality Disorder: Exploratory Results From a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Personality and mental health·2026
Same journal

Comment on "Avoidant Personality Traits and Avoidant Coping in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy vs. Short-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy for Adult Depression".

Personality and mental health·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression
08:42

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression

Published on: May 19, 2015

9.6K

Depressive rumination and experiential avoidance: a task based exploration.

Justin Thomas1, Monique Raynor, David Ribott

  • 1Department of Natural Science and Public Health, Zayed University, PO Box 4783, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.

Personality and Mental Health
|October 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Depression is linked to experiential avoidance. This study used a task-based assessment, finding that rumination correlated with faster responses to negative images, supporting the avoidance theory.

More Related Videos

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
09:14

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: March 14, 2025

1.3K
Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm
09:00

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm

Published on: October 3, 2020

3.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression
08:42

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression

Published on: May 19, 2015

9.6K
Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
09:14

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: March 14, 2025

1.3K
Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm
09:00

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm

Published on: October 3, 2020

3.5K

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Depressive rumination is theorized to be linked with experiential avoidance.
  • Previous evidence primarily relies on self-report measures.
  • A task-based assessment offers a more objective measure of avoidance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between depressive rumination and experiential avoidance using a novel task-based approach.
  • To examine response times to emotional stimuli as an indicator of avoidance.
  • To explore the validity of the experiential avoidance model of rumination.

Main Methods:

  • 100 college students participated in the study.
  • Participants rated emotional responses to positive, negative, and neutral images.
  • Response times were surreptitiously recorded alongside scores from the Ruminative Response Scale and Beck Depression Inventory II.

Main Results:

  • Rumination showed a significant correlation with faster response times to negative images.
  • No significant correlation was found between rumination and response times to positive or neutral images.
  • Findings suggest a behavioral correlate of experiential avoidance in rumination.

Conclusions:

  • The study supports the conceptualization of depressive rumination as a form of experiential avoidance.
  • Faster responses to negative stimuli may indicate a mechanism of avoiding deeper emotional processing.
  • An alternative interpretation suggests heightened threat monitoring may also play a role.