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The temperature-composition phase diagram of two solids, A and B, which are immiscible in the solid phase but form miscible liquids, shows that when the temperature is low, these two exist as separate, pure solids (A and B). As the temperature increases, they transition into a single-phase liquid solution where A and B coexist. Moving from point a1 to a2 in the phase diagram, the composition changes such that solid B begins to separate from the solution, enriching the remaining liquid with A.

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Analyzing Mixing Inhomogeneity in a Microfluidic Device by Microscale Schlieren Technique

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Published on: June 12, 2015

Soret separation in a binary liquid mixture near its critical temperature.

J C Legros¹, Yu Gaponenko, T Lyubimova

¹MRC, EP CP-165/62, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), av. F.D. Roosevelt, 50, 1050, Brussels, Belgium, jclegros@ulb.ac.be.

The European Physical Journal. E, Soft Matter

|October 3, 2014

Summary

Near critical points, transport coefficients are enhanced. This study reveals how mass diffusion near critical points impacts Soret separation in binary mixtures, creating sharp concentration layers.

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Area of Science:

Thermodynamics
Fluid Dynamics
Physical Chemistry

Background:

Transport coefficients are typically enhanced near critical points.
Soret separation in binary mixtures usually results in linear concentration profiles.
Asymptotic behavior of mass diffusion near critical points is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate the impact of critical point behavior on Soret separation in binary mixtures.
Analyze concentration patterns under spatially varying temperature.
Understand the influence of critical temperature location on separation kinetics.

Main Methods:

Numerical investigation of concentration patterns.
Analysis of Soret separation in a model binary mixture.
Consideration of spatially varying temperature fields.

Main Results:

Critical points redistribute concentration fields, forming thin layers with sharp concentration changes.
Large concentration gradients are observed across these critical layers.
Separation kinetics depend on whether the critical temperature falls within the applied temperature range.

Conclusions:

The presence of a critical point significantly alters concentration profiles compared to classical regions.
A 'critical separation road' is proposed for cases where the critical temperature is within the experimental range.
Understanding these phenomena is vital for controlling separation processes in critical systems.