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Positron Emission Tomography01:29

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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
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Diffuse hepatic amebiasis detected by FDG PET/CT.

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Amebiasis, an infection caused by amoeba, can affect the orbit and liver. Early-stage hepatic amebiasis may show varied patterns on FDG PET/CT scans, impacting diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Orbital lesions can present with diverse etiologies.
  • Amebiasis is a parasitic infection that can affect multiple organs.
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG PET/CT) is a valuable imaging modality for detecting metabolically active lesions.

Observation:

  • A 39-year-old man presented with sudden vision loss in his left eye.
  • Imaging revealed a left orbital apex soft tissue lesion with increased FDG uptake.
  • Additional abnormal FDG uptake was noted in the external ears and liver.

Findings:

  • Percutaneous liver biopsy, ear discharge, and stool analysis confirmed amebiasis.
  • The patient showed clinical improvement following anti-amebic therapy.
  • The hepatic amebiasis exhibited a heterogeneous FDG uptake pattern in the early stage.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the potential for amebiasis to manifest with orbital and cutaneous involvement.
  • FDG PET/CT findings in amebiasis can be variable, particularly in early hepatic disease.
  • Considering amebiasis in the differential diagnosis of orbital lesions with atypical FDG PET/CT findings is crucial.