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Rheumatic disease in wartime: gouty generals in battles lost or won

Robert S Pinals1

  • 1From the Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ.

Journal of Clinical Rheumatology : Practical Reports on Rheumatic & Musculoskeletal Diseases
|October 3, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Commander

Area of Science:

  • Military history
  • Medical history
  • Leadership studies

Background:

  • Leadership significantly influences military campaign success.
  • Historical analysis of 19th-century military command.

Observation:

  • Examined two wars (First Afghan War, Spanish-American War) where commanding generals had severe gout.
  • Assessed the impact of commander's debilitating illness on military operations.

Findings:

  • Disastrous outcomes in the First Afghan War (1839-1942) linked to the general's gout.
  • Successful intervention by subordinates in the Spanish-American War (1898) despite the general's orders, due to his gout.

Implications:

  • Highlights the critical role of commander's health in military strategy.
  • Demonstrates how subordinate initiative can mitigate leadership failures caused by health issues.

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