The functional role of long non-coding RNAs and epigenetics

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Epigenetics
• Genomics

Background:

• Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA molecules exceeding 200 nucleotides that do not code for proteins.
• lncRNAs play crucial roles in post-transcriptional regulation by interacting with microRNA pathways.
• These molecules are implicated in fundamental cellular processes and various pathological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the functional roles of lncRNAs in epigenetic regulation.
• To summarize recent research progress on lncRNAs in epigenetics.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on lncRNA functions.
• Analysis of lncRNA involvement in epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional gene regulation.
• Focus on lncRNA roles in stem cell pluripotency, neurogenesis, and oncogenesis.

Main Results:

• lncRNAs significantly influence gene expression at multiple regulatory levels.
• lncRNAs are recognized for their impact on diverse biological processes, including development and disease.
• Emerging evidence highlights the critical involvement of lncRNAs in epigenetic mechanisms.

Conclusions:

• lncRNAs are key regulators of gene expression with significant roles in epigenetics.
• Understanding lncRNA functions in epigenetics is crucial for comprehending various biological and pathological processes.
• Further research into lncRNAs promises advancements in fields like stem cell biology and cancer.